Table 1.

Effect of biostimulants on Annurca fruit color (L* a* b*) with different exposure at harvest. ns, *, *** non-significant or significant at p ≤ 0.05 and 0.001, respectively. Different letters within each column indicate significant differences according to Duncan’s multiple-range test (p = 0.05). All of the data are expressed as mean ±SE, n = 20.

Source of Variance	L*	a*	b*
				Biostimulant (B)
Control	65.20 ± 0.87 a	-2.83 ± 1.73 c	32.33 ± 0.75 a
PEP	53.87 ± 1.31 c	12.91 ± 1.75 a	24.70 ± 1.02 c
LG	60.79 ± 1.09 b	2.07 ± 1.76 b	27.96 ± 0.97 b
MA	52.29 ± 1.16 c	14.94 ± 1.68 a	22.61 ± 0.89 d
Exposure of fruit (E)
Shadow	66.06 ± 0.97 a	−6.81 ± 1.52 c	33.45 ± 0.82 a
Intermediate 1	59.45 ± 1.07 b	5.00 ± 1.65 b	27.71 ± 0.88 b
Intermediate 2	58.73 ± 1.10 b	5.21 ± 1.58 b	27.35 ± 0.89 b
Sun	47.91 ± 0.99 c	23.69 ± 1.09 a	19.10 ± 0.66 c
B × E
Control × Shadow	71.63 ± 0.38 a	−15.55 ± 0.40 g	37.31 ± 0.56 a
Control × Intermediate 1	66.49 ± 1.15 abc	−7.26 ± 1.81 ef	33.82 ± 0.93 abc
Control × Intermediate 2	67.40 ± 0.87 abc	−6.00 ± 2.06 def	34.24 ± 1.06 ab
Control × Sun	55.29 ± 1.68 d	17.49 ± 3.24 bc	23.97 ± 1.29 f
PEP × Shadow	62.20 ± 2.64 c	−1.44 ± 3.82 de	32.11 ± 2.23 bcd
PEP × Intermediate 1	56.19 ± 2.12 d	10.92 ± 2.58 c	25.53 ± 1.59 ef
PEP × Intermediate 2	52.33 ± 2.18 de	15.01 ± 2.35 bc	23.16 ± 1.63 f
PEP × Sun	44.76 ± 2.01 fg	27.15 ± 1.41 a	18.01 ± 1.29 h
LG × Shadow	68.14 ± 1.12 ab	−10.86 ± 1.80 fg	34.27 ± 1.32 ab
LG × Intermediate 1	63.21 ± 1.91 bc	−0.94 ± 2.69 de	29.17 ± 1.91 de
LG × Intermediate 2	62.44 ± 1.54 c	−2.17 ± 2.62 de	29.56 ± 1.51 cde
LG × Sun	49.38 ± 1.55 ef	22.24 ± 1.69 ab	18.83 ± 1.12 gh
MA × Shadow	62.30 ± 1.95 c	0.59 ± 3.33 d	30.11 ± 1.63 bcd
MA × Intermediate 1	51.89 ± 1.65 de	17.29 ± 2.94 bc	22.30 ± 1.41 fg
MA × Intermediate 2	52.75 ± 1.85 de	13.99 ± 2.56 c	22.42 ± 1.50 fg
MA × Sun	42.22 ± 1.39 g	27.90 ± 0.88 a	15.61 ± 0.88 h
Significance
Biostimulant (B)	***	***	***
Exposure of fruit (E)	***	***	***
B × E	ns	*	ns