Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the subjects (n = 44).
| Characteristic, Mean (SD) | DN (n = 22) | PENS (n = 22) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 25.45 (8.53) | 24.14 (9.39) | 0.63 |
| Height, cm | 171.73 (8.86) | 171.59 (6.60) | 0.95 |
| Weight, kg | 65.42 (10.79) | 63.49 (8.58) | 0.51 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.64 (2.67) | 21.60 (2.02) | 0.95 |
| Computer Use, hours/week | 15.77 (10.82) | 16.92 (7.84) | 0.69 |
| MTrP Distance, cm | 8.12 (1.07) | 8.08 (1.13) | 0.93 |
| VAS, cm | 5.01 (1.52) | 4.56 (1.73) | 0.36 |
| NDI | 19.64 (7.32) | 22.09 (9.75) | 0.35 |
| PPT, kg/cm2 | 1.98 (0.56) | 2.11 (0.52) | 0.43 |
| Strength, N | 145.20 (28.70) | 152.40 (32.20) | 0.44 |
| Flexion, Degrees | 44.83 (9.85) | 44.59 (11.25) | 0.94 |
| Extension, Degrees | 50.72 (9.72) | 52.81 (13.90) | 0.57 |
| Rotation, Degrees | |||
| Painful Side | 58.21 (15.46) | 61.59 (10.50) | 0.40 |
| Nonpainful Side | 52.18 (12.78) | 59.47 (14.47) | 0.08 |
| Side Bending, Degrees | |||
| Painful Side | 38.59 (5.81) | 38.50 (5.07) | 0.96 |
| Nonpainful Side | 34.30 (5.31) | 37.45 (3.65) | 0.03 |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.53 | ||
| Male | 9 (40.9) | 7 (31.8) | |
| Female | 13 (59.1) | 15 (68.2) | |
| Painful Side, n (%) | 0.07 | ||
| Right | 16 (72.7) | 10 (45.5) | |
| Left | 6 (27.3) | 12 (54.5) |
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; DN, dry needling; PENS, percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation; BMI, body mass index; h, hours; w, week; MTrP, myofascial trigger point; VAS, visual analogue scale; NDI, Neck Disability Index; PPT, pressure pain threshold.