Table 3.

Parameters associated with the occurrence of migraine, strict and probable, in rheumatoid arthritis.

Parameters	Patients with Migraine n = 62	Patients without Migraine n = 164	Univariate p Value OR [95%CI]	Multivariable p Value OR [95%CI]
Age, years [range]	56.2 ± 11.0 [30–76]	61.8 ± 12.5 [27–87]	p = 0.003 OR = 0.96 [0.94–0.99]	p = 0.03 OR = 0.96 [0.93–0.99]
Female	54/62 (87.1%)	121/164 (73.8%)	p = 0.001 OR = 2.4 [1.1–5.8]	p = 0.59 OR = 1.42 [0.43–5.67]
Smokers	13/56 (23.2%)	28/150 (18.7%)	p = 0.15 OR = 1.30 [0.91–1.84]
DAS28 ESR score	2.74 ± 1.19	2.24 ± 1.33	p = 0.02 OR = 1.37 [1.05–1.80]	p = 0.08 OR = 1.35 [0.97–1.89]
CRP, mg/L	3.0 [1.8–6.3]	2.9 [1.0–6.6]	p = 0.42 OR = 1.02 [0.97–1.06]
Disease duration, years	12.4 [5.0–20.3]	14.7 [7.0–21.7]	p = 0.26 OR = 0.99 [0.96–1.01]
Erosive RA	26/62 (41.9%)	78/164 (47.5%)	p = 0.45 OR = 0.80 [0.44–1.43]
RF and/or ACPA positive	49/62 (79.0%)	127/160 (77.4%)	p = 0.80 OR = 1.01 [0.55–2.30]
HAD Anxiety score	9.3 ± 4.6	6.9 ± 3.66	p < 0.001 OR = 1.16 [1.08–1.25]	p = 0.83 OR = 0.99 [0.86–1.12]
HAD Depression score	6.5 ± 4.2	4.4 ±3.27	p < 0.001 OR = 1.16 [1.07–1.26]	p = 0.03 OR = 1.14 [1.01–1.30]
PCS score	17.2 ± 12.0	12.5 ±10.9	p = 0.02 OR = 1.04 [1.01–1.07]	p = 0.48 OR = 1.01 [0.98–1.05]

All treatments showed no significant difference between groups. DAS28: Disease activity in 28 joints, ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; RA: Rheumatoid arthritis; RF: Rheumatoid factor; ACPA: Anti-citrullinated peptides’ antibodies; HAD: Hospital anxiety and depression; PCS: Pain catastrophizing scale. Quantitative values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation, the median [interquartile range], or the number (%), as indicated.