Table 1.
General characteristics of postpartum women and their newborns at delivery grouped by maternal smoking habit according to urinary cotinine levels 1.
| All (n = 74) |
Non-Smokers (n = 37) |
Smokers (n = 37) |
p 2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 31 ± 5 | 33 ± 5 | 30 ± 5 | 0.003 |
| Education 3 | <0.001 | |||
| Primary school | 4 (5.41%) | 1 (2.70%) | 3 (8.11%) | |
| Secondary school | 33 (44.59%) | 8 (21.62%) | 25 (67.57%) | |
| University degree | 35 (47.30%) | 28 (75.68%) | 7 (18.92%) | |
| BMI before pregnancy (kg/m2) | 23.15 (14.69–36.59) |
23.26 (18.37–36.33) |
23.05 (14.69–36.59) |
n.s. |
| BMI before delivery (kg/m2) | 28.13 (19.83–41.52) |
27.89 (22.57–41.52) |
28.31 (19.83–38.64) |
n.s. |
| Weight gain during pregnancy (kg) | 14.29 ± 4.63 | 13.88 ± 4.18 | 14.70 ± 5.06 | n.s. |
| Parity | 2 (1–6) | 2 (1–6) | 2 (1–6) | n.s. |
| Urinary cotinine (ng/mL) | 1730 (<LOQ–7723) | <LOQ | 955 (101–7723) | <0.001 |
| Newborn characteristics | ||||
| Male | 52 (70) | 26 (70) | 26 (70) | n.s. |
| Birth weight (g) | 3494 ± 496 | 3558 ± 486 | 3430 ± 503 | n.s. |
| Birth body length (cm) | 50.47 ± 2.02 | 50.59 ± 1.77 | 50.35 ± 2.25 | n.s. |
| Birth weight/placental weight | 8.74 (6.49–14.91) | 9.19 (6.49–14.91) | 8.23 (6.98–11.70) | 0.017 |
| Placental characteristic | ||||
| Trimmed weight (g) | 401 ± 85.1 | 394 ± 90.2 | 408 ± 80.4 | n.s. |
1 Results are presented as mean ± SD, median (min-max) or number and percentage (%). Non-smokers had urine cotinine levels lower than limit of quantification (LOQ), smokers had urine cotinine levels ≥ 100 ng/mL. 2 Difference between smokers and non-smokers were tested by Student’s t-test, Mann Whitney U-test, or Fisher’s test and considered significant at p < 0.05. 3 Two smokers did not report their education level.