Table 3.
Results of multiple regression analyses. Each row represents results of one multiple regression model with four elements identified from SDA analysis, smoking, age and education as predictors. Smoking was included as a predictor only in models without Cd as a predictor.
| Dependent Variable | β [95% Confidence Interval] | p | Adj. R 2 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept | Element 1 | Element 2 | Element 3 | Element 4 | Smoking | Age | Education | |||
| log(SOD_MP) | 0.680 [0.144, 1.216] p = 0.014 |
Fe_MS 0.133 [−0.022, 0.288] p = 0.092 |
Mn_MB −0.006 [−0.018, 0.006] p = 0.340 |
Pb_PL −0.017 [−0.036, 0.003] p = 0.087 |
Zn_MS 0.049 [−0.762, 0.861] p = 0.904 |
−0.052 [−0.210, 0.105] p = 0.508 |
0.007 [−0.007, 0.021] p = 0.296 |
−0.060 [−0.214, 0.095] p = 0.445 |
0.081 | 0.09 |
| log(SOD_CP) | 1.527 [0.865, 2.189] p < 0.001 |
Cd_CB −2.742 [−7.237, 1.753] p = 0.227 |
Mn_MB −0.010 [−0.021, 0.001] p = 0.085 |
Mn_PL 0.002 [−0.002, 0.006] p = 0.433 |
Zn_PL −0.010 [−0.066, 0.046] p = 0.716 |
0.001 [−0.010, 0.012] p = 0.851 |
−0.015 [−0.132, 0.102] p = 0.799 |
0.624 | <0.01 | |
| log(SOD_PL + 10) | 5.175 [3.489, 6.862] p < 0.001 |
Cu_CS −2.013 [−4.899, 0.874] p = 0.168 |
Fe_PL −0.017 [−0.020, -0.013] p < 0.001 |
Se_PL 0.007 [0.000, 0.013] p = 0.043 |
Zn_PL −0.024 [−0.131, 0.082] p = 0.650 |
0.082 [−0.173, 0.338] p = 0.521 |
−0.012 [−0.034, 0.009] p = 0.243 |
0.012 [−0.239, 0.263] p = 0.923 |
<0.001 | 0.66 |
| log(GPx_MP) | 3.203 [2.500, 3.905] p < 0.001 |
Fe_CS −0.001 [−0.036, 0.033] p = 0.944 |
Se_MS 0.002 [−0.004, 0.008] p = 0.526 |
Se_CS 0.004 [−0.007, 0.015] p = 0.479 |
Se_PL 0.004 [0.000, 0.008] p = 0.057 |
−0.030 [−0.188, 0.128] p = 0.705 |
0.005 [−0.008, 0.018] p = 0.473 |
−0.041 [−0.194, 0.112] p = 0.596 |
0.099 | 0.08 |
| log(GPx_CP) | 2.353 [1.645, 3.060] p < 0.001 |
Cd_PL 0.003 [−0.011, 0.018] p = 0.637 |
Cu_CS 2.726 [1.361, 4.090] p < 0.001 |
Se_PL 0.004 [0.001, 0.007] p = 0.014 |
Zn_PL 0.029 [−0.019, 0.078] p = 0.233 |
−0.002 [−0.012, 0.008] p = 0.708 |
−0.028 [−0.137, 0.080] p = 0.603 |
<0.001 | 0.24 | |
| log(GPx_PL) | 2.374 [1.468, 3.280] p < 0.001 |
Cd_PL −0.006 [−0.028, 0.015] p = 0.550 |
Fe_MS −0.016 [−0.194, 0.163] p = 0.863 |
Mn_MB −0.006 [−0.021, 0.008] p = 0.371 |
Zn_PL 0.082 [0.014, 0.151] p = 0.019 |
−0.003 [−0.018, 0.012] p = 0.702 |
0.036 [−0.128, 0.199] p = 0.666 |
0.253 | 0.03 | |
| log(MT_MS+5) | 1.946 [1.610, 2.282] p < 0.001 |
Cd_CB 0.625 [−2.811, 4.061] p = 0.718 |
Fe_CS 0.002 [−0.028, 0.033] p = 0.871 |
Mn_PL 0.003 [0.000, 0.005] p = 0.061 |
Pb_MB −0.006 [−0.015, 0.003] p = 0.211 |
−0.001 [−0.009, 0.007] p = 0.857 |
−0.007 [−0.092, 0.077] p = 0.868 |
0.382 | <0.01 | |
| log(MT_CP) | 3.845 [3.213, 4.477] p < 0.001 |
Cu_PL −0.403 [−0.767, −0.038] p = 0.031 |
Fe_PL −0.001 [−0.003, 0.001] p = 0.164 |
Se_MS 0.001 [−0.005, 0.007] p = 0.752 |
Zn_MS 0.186 [−0.628, 1.000] p = 0.650 |
0.039 [−0.100, 0.179] p = 0.575 |
0.003 [−0.010, 0.015] p = 0.654 |
0.047 [−0.095, 0.189] p = 0.512 |
0.338 | 0.02 |
| log(MT_PL) | 4.895 [3.859, 5.931] p < 0.001 |
Fe_MS 0.212 [0.003, 0.422] p = 0.047 |
Fe_PL −0.004 [−0.007, −0.002] p = 0.002 |
Mn_PL 0.004 [−0.001, 0.009] p = 0.149 |
Se_PL 0.003 [−0.002, 0.008] p = 0.259 |
0.117 [−0.092, 0.326] p = 0.268 |
-0.009 [−0.026, 0.009] p = 0.325 |
0.076 [−0.127, 0.280] p = 0.455 |
<0.001 | 0.23 |
Abbreviations: GPx—glutathione peroxidase, SOD—superoxide dismutase, MT—metallothionein, β—multiple regression coefficient, CB—cord blood, CP—cord plasma, CS—cord serum, MB—maternal blood, MP—maternal plasma, MS—maternal serum, PL—placenta. Smoking was coded as 0 for non-smokers and 1 for smokers; education was coded as 0 for primary and secondary school and 1 for university degree.