Table 3.

Diversity of bacterial ASVs at baseline and 18-month follow-up among age-matched cases and controls for seven separate growth criteria in the Mirzapur, Bangladesh cohort with at least 2,000 reads

Case/Control Classification	Number of children	Mean among cases	Mean among controls	P-value*
Shannon (alpha) diversity at baseline
ΔHAZ	14	2.31	2.24	0.710
ΔWAZ	16	2.46	2.27	0.257
ΔWFLZ	18	2.42	2.26	0.328
Shannon (alpha) diversity at 18 months
ΔHAZ	14	5.34	5.47	0.314
ΔWAZ	16	5.45	5.59	0.036
ΔWFLZ	18	5.41	5.48	0.473
Beta diversity for ASV turnover from baseline to 18 months
ΔHAZ	14	1.00	1.00	0.172
ΔWAZ	16	1.00	1.00	0.430
ΔWFLZ	18	1.00	1.00	0.632
Shannon (alpha) diversity at baseline
Alpha-1-antitrypsin	20	2.30	2.32	0.901
Calprotectin	16	2.28	2.12	0.340
Myeloperoxidase	8	2.26	2.30	0.885
Neopterin	16	2.11	2.48	0.016
Shannon (alpha) diversity at 18 months
Alpha-1-antitrypsin	20	5.41	5.50	0.442
Calprotectin	16	5.33	5.40	0.521
Myeloperoxidase	8	5.35	5.37	0.918
Neopterin	16	5.36	5.44	0.618
Beta diversity for ASV turnover from baseline to 18 months
Alpha-1-antitrypsin	20	1.00	1.00	0.162
Calprotectin	16	1.00	1.00	0.447
Myeloperoxidase	8	1.00	0.99	0.289
Neopterin	16	1.00	1.00	0.692

ASV = amplicon sequence variant; HAZ = height for age Z-score; WAZ = weight for age Z score; WFLZ = weight length or age Z-score.

^*Difference in mean diversity determined by Student’s t-test.