Table 1.
Major and minor criteria for high bleeding risk defined by ARC and JCS.
| Major | Minor |
|---|---|
| ● Age of ≥75 years | |
| ※ Body weight of <55 kg for men and <50 kg for women ※ Frailty |
|
| ● Severe or end-stage CKD (eGFR of <30 mL/min) ※ Dialysis |
● Moderate CKD (eGFR of 30–59 mL/min) |
| ● Hb of <11 g/dL | ● Hb of 11.0–12.9 g/dL for men and 11.0–11.9 g/dL for women |
| ※ Heart failure | |
| ● Long-term use of anticoagulation | ● Long-term use of NSAIDs or steroids |
| ※ Peripheral vascular disease | |
| ● Spontaneous (non-intracranial) bleeding requiring hospitalization or transfusion in the past 6 months or at any time if recurrent | ● First spontaneous (non-intracranial) bleed requiring hospitalization or transfusion in the past 6–12 months |
| ● Previous spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage at any time ● Previous traumatic intracranial hemorrhage within the past 12 months ● Presence of a brain arteriovenous malformation ● Moderate or severe ischemic stroke within the past 6 months |
● Previous ischemic stroke not meeting the major criteria |
| ● Thrombocytopenia (platelet count of <100 × 109/L) | |
| ● Active malignancy within the past 12 months | |
| ● Liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension | |
| ● Chronic bleeding diathesis | |
| ● Nondeferrable major surgery on DAPT | |
| ● Recent major surgery or major trauma within 30 days |
● Common criteria in both ARC and JCS; ※ Unique criteria in JCS. Patients are considered to have a high bleeding risk if at least one major or two minor criteria are met in both the ARC and JCS versions. ARC, Academic Research Consortium; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DAPT, dual antiplatelet therapy; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; Hb, hemoglobin; JCS, Japanese Circulation Society; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.