Table 3.
Rationale for targeted therapy recommendations
| Therapeutic agent (trading name) | Targets | Overview of current FDA approval in different entities | Overview of current EMA approval in different entities |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Exemestane (Aromasin) |
Aromatase |
Estrogen receptor breast cancer |
Estrogen receptor breast cancer |
| Bevacizumab (Avastin) | VEGF‐A | Metastatic CRC, metastatic RCC, NSCLC; glioblastoma, cervical cancer | Metastatic CRC, metastatic breast cancer, NSCLC, metastatic RCC, epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal cancer, cervical cancer |
|
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) |
Estrogen receptor | Breast cancer | Breast cancer |
| Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) |
PD‐1, hypermutability |
Melanoma, NSCLC, HNSCC, HL, urothelial carcinoma, microsatellite instability‐high cancer, gastric cancer, cervical cancer | Melanoma, NSCLC, HNSCC, HL, urothelial carcinoma |
| Everolimus (Afinitor) | mTOR expression | Breast cancer, PNET, RCC, renal angiomyolipoma, SEGAs with TSC | Breast cancer, RCC, neuroendocrine tumors of pancreatic, gastrointestinal or lung origin |
|
Imatinib (Gleevec) (n = 1) |
PDGFR, KIT | Ph+ CML, KIT+ GIST, MDS/MPD associated with PDGFR, Ph+ ALL | Ph+ CML, KIT+ GIST, MDS/MPD associated with PDGFR, Ph+ ALL |
|
Sunitinib (Sutent) |
PDGFR, KIT, VEGFR, RET, FLT3 | RCC, PDAC, GIST | RCC, PDAC, GIST |
| Olaparib (Lynparza) | BRCA1/2, ATM, CHEK2, PALB2 | Ovarian cancer, breast cancer | Ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer |
| Nintedanib (Vargatef, Ofev) | FLT3, FGFR, PDGFR, VEGFR | Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | NSCLC |
| Vemurafenib | BRAF V600E | Melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation | Melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation |
| Dabrafenib/ Trametinib (Tafinlar/ Mekinist) | BRAF V600E | BRAF V600E melanoma or NSCLC | BRAF V600E melanoma or NSCLC |
| Trastuzumab (Herceptin) | HER2 | HER2+ breast cancer and gastric cancer | HER2+ breast cancer and gastric cancer |
|
Pertuzumab (Perjeta) |
HER2 | HER2+ breast cancer | HER2+ breast cancer |
Abbreviations: ALL, acute lymphatic leukemia; CML, chronic myeloid leukemia; CRC, colorectal cancer; EMA, European Medicines Agency; FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; FLT3, fms like tyrosine kinase 3; GIST, gastrointestinal stromal tumor; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; HL, Hodgkin lymphoma; HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; KIT, C‐kit receptor; MDS/MPD, myelodysplastic syndromes/ myeloproliferative disorder; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; NSCLC, non‐small cell lung carcinoma; PD‐1, programmed cell death protein 1; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; PDGFR, platelet‐derived growth factor receptor; Ph+: Philadelphia chromosome positive; PNET, primitive neuroectodermal tumor; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; RET, rearranged during transfection; SEGA, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma; TSC, tuberous sclerosis complex; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor.