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NEAT1 has been shown to be over-expressed in the monocytes of SLE patients. This lncRNA phosphorylates JNK and ERK, thus activating these proteins and enhancing the expression of IL-6, CCL2 and CXCL10. These cytokines/chemokines attract Th1 cells, thus participating in the pathogenesis of nephritis [22]. Abbreviations: SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; lncRNA, long non-coding RNA, Il-6: interleukin-6, CCL2: C-C motif ligand 2, CXCL10: C-X-C motif chemokine 10.
