Table 2.
Phytotoxic inhibitory activity of EOs extracted from Teucrium polium and Thymus decussatus using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and hydrodistillation (HD) methods.
| Plant Species | Extraction Method | Conc. (µL L−1) | Inhibition (%) * | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germination | Shoot Growth | Root Growth | |||
| Teucrium polium | Hydrodistillation | 250 | 19.6 ± 0.95 | 8.2 ± 0.74 | 14.9 ± 2.76 |
| 500 | 33.0 ± 1.50 | 10.8 ± 0.35 | 23.2 ± 2.03 | ||
| 750 | 43.0 ± 1.98 | 21.5 ± 1.47 | 35.8 ± 1.52 | ||
| 1000 | 51.9 ± 2.09 | 31.4 ± 1.63 | 54.4 ± 1.90 | ||
| Microwave-assisted extraction | 250 | 24.1 ± 1.01 | 0.4 ± 0.35 | 15.3 ± 3.41 | |
| 500 | 37.5 ± 1.13 | 6.0 ± 2.03 | 18.7 ± 2.45 | ||
| 750 | 40.0 ± 2.01 | 17.7 ± 1.44 | 26.0 ± 2.94 | ||
| 1000 | 50.9 ± 2.25 | 39.8 ± 1.30 | 42.3 ± 2.75 | ||
| p-value (0.05) Extraction method (E) | 0.438 ns | 0.0150 * | <0.001 *** | ||
| p-value (0.05) Concentration (C) | <0.001 *** | <0.001 *** | <0.001 *** | ||
| p-value (0.05) Interaction (E × C) | 0.878 ns | <0.001 *** | 0.031 * | ||
| Thymus decussatus | Hydrodistillation | 25 | 50.9 ± 1.59 | 33.0 ± 2.37 | 11.6 ± 0.98 |
| 50 | 55.4 ± 1.55 | 45.7 ± 1.42 | 25.2 ± 3.06 | ||
| 75 | 68.8 ± 2.11 | 52.1 ± 1.48 | 49.8 ± 1.22 | ||
| 100 | 77.7 ± 2.36 | 85.8 ± 1.18 | 84.6 ± 1.02 | ||
| Microwave-assisted extraction | 25 | 42.0 ± 1.11 | 45.6 ± 1.18 | 42.1 ± 2.54 | |
| 50 | 50.9 ± 1.99 | 58.5 ± 1.78 | 56.1 ± 1.47 | ||
| 75 | 68.8 ± 2.25 | 65.7 ± 1.18 | 70.6 ± 1.22 | ||
| 100 | 86.6 ± 2.98 | 87.4 ± 3.55 | 89.9 ± 2.04 | ||
| p-value (0.05) Extraction method (E) | 0.715 ns | <0.001 *** | <0.001 *** | ||
| p-value (0.05) Concentration (C) | <0.001 *** | <0.001 *** | <0.001 *** | ||
| p-value (0.05) Interaction (E × C) | 0.250 ns | 0.007 ** | <0.001 *** | ||
* values are means of triplicates ± SE. Different superscript letters within the column of each treatment mean values significant variation at p ≤ 0.05 where ns: not significant. The statistical significance was indicated by * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01 or *** p ≤ 0.001