Figure 2.

Schematic representation of the correlations between islet amyloid polypeptide of diabetes and amyloid-β peptide from Alzheimer’s disease; conditions characterized by cell loss and abnormal of Aβ, tau, and amylin deposition. These aggregates could stimulate amyloid formation and deposition by cross-seeding in pancreatic cells and neurons. The presence of tau and amylin aggregates supports the aggregation of beta-amyloid deposits, which leads to oxidative stress, mitochondrial abnormalities, inflammation, insulin resistance, and ultimately death of cells. Aβ, amyloid-β peptide; IAPP, islet amyloid polypeptide.