Table 1.
Baseline patients’ characteristics
| Total cohort (n = 32) | Treatment failure (n = 11) | Treatment success (n = 21) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics and comorbidities | ||||
| Age, years | 56 [46–68.5] | 55 [49.75–71] | 56 [45–68.25] | 0.75 |
| Male sex, N (%) | 17 (53.1) | 5 (45.5) | 12 (57.1) | 0.8 |
| Weight, (kg) | 76.5 [60–90] | 75 [67.8–80] | 90 [60–100] | 0.45 |
| Albumin, (g/dL)* | 23 [21.5–26.5] | 22 [19.25–26.25] | 24 [22.75–26.5] | 0.17 |
| Fluid balance, (mL)* | +762.9 [−393 to +3703.5] | +3332 [−1124.2 to + 4112] | 616.3 [−358.5 to + 2592.7] | 0.5 |
| SAPS II score | 53.5 [44.5–67.5] | 61 [44.7–66.5] | 52 [43.5–67.5] | 0.92 |
| Cardiovascular diseases, N (%) | 6 (18.75) | 3 (27.3) | 3 (14.3) | 0.39 |
| COPD, N (%) | 5 (15.6) | 1 (9.1) | 4 (19.1) | 0.64 |
| Chronic renal failure, N (%) | 7 (21.9) | 3 (27.3) | 4 (19.1) | 0.4 |
| Diabetes, N (%) | 3 (9.4) | 0 | 3 (14.3) | 0.53 |
| Neoplasm, N (%) | 7 (21.9) | 4 (36.4) | 3 (14.3) | 0.2 |
| Presenting features and outcomes | ||||
| ICU LOS before TGC, (days) | 7.5 [2.5–16] | 5 [0.5–11.25] | 12 [3.75–18.25] | 0.13 |
| MV duration before TGC (days) | 8 [3–12] | 5 [0.5–11.25] | 8 [3.75–14.75] | 0.19 |
| Vasopressors duration before TGC (days) | 4.5 [0–8.5] | 5 [0.25–8.25] | 4 [0–8.25] | 0.89 |
| SOFA score* | 7 [4–10] | 8 [4.75–12] | 6 [4–9] | 0.2 |
| Septic shock, N (%)* | 18 (56.3) | 7 (63.6) | 11 (52.4) | 0.71 |
| ARF requiring MV, N (%)* | 28 (87.5) | 10 (90.9) | 18 (85.7) | 1 |
| AKI requiring CRRT, N (%)* | 11 (34.4) | 3 (27.3) | 8 (38.1) | 0.7 |
| Creatinine clearance (ml/min)* | 97.3 [32–150.8] | 63.2 [32–155] | 104 [30–142] | 0.85 |
| VAP, N (%) | 19 (59.4) | 3 (27.3) | 16 (76.2) | 0.02 |
| Non-pulmonary infections, N (%)# | 13 (40.6) | 8 (72.7) | 5 (23.8) | 0.02 |
| Secondary bacteraemia, N (%) | 13 (40.6) | 4 (36.4) | 9 (42.9) | 1 |
| Source control, N (%) | 13 (40.6) | 7 (63.6) | 6 (28.6) | 0.07 |
| TGC therapy duration,(days) | 12 [9–15] | 12 [10–15] | 11 [8–17] | 0.69 |
| TGC empirical therapy, N (%) | 17 (53.1) | 7 (63.6) | 10 (47.6) | 0.47 |
| Gram-positive bacteria N (%)** | 11 (34.4) | 4 (36.4) | 7 (33.3) | 1 |
| Gram-negative bacteria N (%)*** | 29 (90.6) | 10 (90.9) | 19 (90.5) | 1 |
| ICU LOS after TGC, (days) | 15 [10.5–27] | 14.5 [12–19] | 16 [10–31.4] | 0.42 |
| MV duration after TGC (days) | 10 [5–15] | 14 [9.75–15.75] | 8 [2–13.5] | 0.04 |
| Vasopressors duration after TGC (days) | 3 [1.5–13] | 8 [2.25–13] | 3 [0–10.75] | 0.12 |
| 30-day mortality | 9 (28.1) | 8 (72.7) | 1 (4.8) | < 0.001 |
Data are presented as median [IQR], unless otherwise indicated
Pts patients, VAP ventilator-associated pneumonia; TGC tigecycline, SAPS II Simplified Acute Physiology Score, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, LOS length of stay, ICU Intensive Care Unit, MV mechanical ventilation, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, AKI acute kidney injury; CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy, ARF acute respiratory failure, MV mechanical ventilation; kg kilogram, IQR interquartile range
* Evaluated at TGC starting day
** i.e. Staphylococcus aureus (n = 6), enterococci (n = 3), streptococcus spp. (n = 2)
*** i.e. Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 10), carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia (n = 6), Escherichia coli (n = 6), Proteus spp. (n = 5), Bacteroides spp. (n = 2)
# Ten intra-abdominal infections and three skin and soft-tissue infections