Table 2.
Myosteatosis Assessment
| N = 125a | Myosteatosis Cut Pointsb | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anatomic Landmarks | Main Myosteatosis Measurement | MyosteatosIs Cut Points Used | Male | Female | Used HU Threshold | Threshold Range (HU) | |
| Total abdominal wall musculature (n = 49)A5 | L3 (n = 45) | IMAT (n = 27) | Yes (n = 11) | MA < 41 or 33 HUc (n = 8) | MA < 41 or 33 HUc (n = 8) | Yes (n = 48) | −190 to −30 (n = 36) |
| L4–L5 (n = 3) | MA (n = 12) | ||||||
| Total thigh musculature (n = 48)A6 | Midthigh (n = 32) | IMAT (n = 38) | None | N/A | N/A | Yes (n = 34) | −190 to −30 (n = 20) |
| Proximal thigh (n = 5) | LDLT (n = 19) | 0 to 34 (n = 9) | |||||
| All thigh (n = 3) | 0 to 30 (n = 6) | ||||||
| Psoas (n = 12)A7 | L3 (n = 8) | MA (n = 17) | Yes (n = 2) | MA < 33.3 HU (n = 1) | SMD < 31.1 HU (n = 1) | Yes (n = 7) | −190 to −30 (n = 4) |
| L4–L5 (n = 2) | LDLT (n = 3) | Quartile based (n = 1) | Quartile based (n = 1) | 0 to 29 (n = 3) | |||
| L4 (n = 1) | HDLT (n = 3) | 0 to 29 (n = 1) | |||||
| IMAT (n = 2) | |||||||
| Others (n = 21)d,A8 | Variabled | IMAT (n = 15) | None | N/A | N/A | Yes (n = 20) | −190 to −30 (n = 5) |
| HDLT (n = 8) | −200 to −1 (n = 3) | ||||||
| LDLT (n = 7) | 0 to 29 (n = 6) |
Notes: IMAT = intermuscular fat (cm2); LDLT = low-density lean tissue (cm2); HU = Hounsfield units; MA = muscle attenuation; N/A = not applicable.
A5–A8Please refer to Supplementary Appendix for references.
aOne hundred and twenty-five of the 388 publications assessed muscle quality. Numbers in table sum to more than 125, as many publications assessed more than one muscle group. Many publications assessed both muscle mass and quality, and the numbers in Tables 1 and 2 total to more than 388. bNumbers for cut points rounded to nearest integer. cDepending on body mass index. dThese included individual muscles, as well as muscle groups. Individual muscles: adductor longus, adductor magnus, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, gracilis, rectus femoris, sartorius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis. Muscle groups: hip abductors (gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and piriformis), hamstrings (semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris), hip adductors (adductor magnus, adductor brevis, adductor longus, quadratus femoris, quadratus externus, pectineus), hip flexors (rectus femoris and sartorius), knee flexor compartment (hamstrings, gracilis, sartorius, and adductors), gluteus medius/minimus combination, semitendinosis/semimembranosis combination, quadratus femoris muscles (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis).