Table 2. Evaluation of renal histopathology after administration of (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate.

Parameter	SH	12.5Tox	25Tox	IR	12.5+IR	25+IR
Tubular Necrosis	0.00 (0.00–0.00)	0.00 (0.00–0.75)	0.00 (0.00–0.00)	4.00 (4.00–4.00)†	2.50 (1.75–3.00)	2.50 (1.75–3.00)
Acidophilic Casts	0.00 (0.00–0.50)	0.50 (0.00–1.75)	0.00 (0.00–0.00)	4.00 (3.00–4.00)‡	3.00 (1.75–3.25)	2.00 (2.00–2.25)
Vascular Congestion	1.00 (0.00–1.25)	0.50 (0.00–1.75)	0.50 (0.00–1.00)	2.00 (1.00–4.00)	2.00 (1.75–2.00)	1.00 (1.00–2.00)

Notes.

Kruskal–Wallis test, Dunn post hoc test. Values expressed as median (interquartile range). The comparisons were between the 12.5Tox, 25Tox, and SH groups, and between the SH, 12.5+IR, 25+IR, and IR groups. Significant differences when comparing IR vs. SH group.

^†p = 0.0002.

^‡p = 0.0016.