Table 5.
Risk of Placement Mismatch Disruptions by Age Groups
| Early childhood HR(SE) |
Middle childhood HR(SE) |
Adolescence HR(SE) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Child demographic characteristics | |||
| Age at time of removal | 1.31(0.05)*** | 1.01(0.01) | 0.88(0.01)*** |
| Male | 1.29(0.16)* | 1.02(0.07) | 1.05(0.06) |
| Race or ethnicity (Referent = Black) | |||
| White | 0.85(0.14) | 0.80(0.07)* | 0.71(0.05)*** |
| Hispanic | 0.69(0.11)* | 0.77(0.07)** | 0.74(0.05)*** |
| Other race | 1.12(0.26) | 0.84(0.13) | 0.98(0.12) |
| Child risk factors | |||
| Cognitive or learning disability | 1.22(0.19) | 1.62(0.12)*** | 1.08(0.06) |
| Physical disability | 1.21(0.31) | 0.69(0.16) | 0.81(0.15) |
| Mental health problem | 1.23(0.30) | 1.11(0.10) | 1.11(0.06) |
| Behavior problem or delinquency | 2.33(0.37)*** | 1.20(0.09)* | 1.32(0.08)*** |
| Child’s case history | |||
| CPS history (Referent = no prior involvement) | |||
| Unsubstantiated/substantiated allegations | 1.32(0.18)* | 1.23(0.10)* | 1.09(0.07) |
| Prior removal | 1.28(0.32) | 1.45(0.16)*** | 1.23(0.11)* |
| Total time in care (Referent = under 1 year) | |||
| 1 to 2 years | 0.76(0.12) | 0.89(0.09) | 0.85(0.09) |
| Over 2 years | 1.14(0.17) | 1.33(0.12)*** | 0.98(0.08) |
| Reasons for initial removal | |||
| Unable to provide care or child needs services | 1.19(0.15) | 1.15(0.08)* | 1.13*(0.07)* |
| Physical neglect | 1.08 (0.13) | 1.04(0.07) | 1.03(0.06) |
| Sexual abuse | 0.99(0.24) | 0.82(0.09) | 0.97(0.08) |
| Physical abuse | 0.99(0.13) | 1.12(0.08) | 0.94(0.07) |
| Need of supervision or caregiver substance abuse/mental health problems |
0.66(0.10)** | 0.82(0.06)* | 0.98(0.06) |
| Emotional abuse | 0.87(0.37) | 1.29(0.20) | 1.00(0.12) |
| Placement characteristics | |||
| Placement setting (Referent = non-relative) | |||
| Shelter | 1.45(0.39) | 3.47(0.37)*** | 4.04(0.26)*** |
| Restrictive | 1.02(0.25) | 0.50(0.04)*** | 0.71(0.04)*** |
| Kinship | 0.35(0.07)*** | 0.50(0.06)*** | 0.79(0.08)* |
| Siblings (Referent = placed apart from siblings) | |||
| Placed with all known siblings | 0.86(0.11) | .81(0.06)** | 0.62(0.07)*** |
| No observed siblings | 0.78(0.13) | 1.11(0.09) | 1.29(0.08)*** |
| Level of care (Referent = basic) | |||
| Unassigned | 0.59(0.18) | 0.52(0.10)*** | 0.89(0.12) |
| Specialized/moderate | 1.71(0.27)*** | 2.18(0.17)*** | 2.15(0.13)*** |
| Intense/psychiatric | 1.70(1.32) | 2.82(0.54)*** | 2.84(0.31)*** |
Notes:
*
p < .05.
**
p < 0.01.
***
p < 0.001.
Exponentiated coefficients are presented.