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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 13.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2019 Jul 2;19(8):37. doi: 10.1007/s11882-019-0869-z

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Mechanisms of low-level laser therapy (LLLT). Schematic illustrating the absorption of red/near infrared (NIR) light by mitochondrial chromophores. Subsequently, production of ATP increases, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated, and nitric oxide (NO) is released. These changes influence gene transcription via modulation of transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)