Table 3.
Factors associated with use of birth control, pregnancy and future reproductive plans in a sample of 150 trans-masculine individuals participating in a study assessing contraceptive use and reproductive history.
| Outcome 1: contraceptive use: current | Outcome 2: pregnant: lifetime | Outcome 3: plans to become pregnant | Outcome 4: plans to use own oocytes with surrogate | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Age | ||||||||
| Continuous | 0.98 | 0.93–1.04 | 1.08 | 0.98–1.19 | 1.06 | 0.97–1.16 | 1.01 | 0.92–1.10 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
| White (n=112) | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | - | ||
| Person of color (n=38) | 0.87 | 0.40–1.89 | 1.21 | 0.23–6.53 | 1.24 | 0.36–4.21 | 2.81 | 1.02–7.78 |
| Educational attainment | ||||||||
| High school or less (n=14) | 1.04 | 0.53–2.06 | 5.14 | 1.00–26.38 | 0.89 | 0.28–2.79 | 1.69 | 0.63–4.56 |
| Some college or more (n=136) | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | - | ||
| Low income (household) | ||||||||
| $32,000 or less (n=74) | 1.70 | 0.83–3.45 | 3.33 | 0.62–17.84 | 0.25 | 0.05–1.20 | 1.69 | 0.59–4.84 |
| >$32,000 (n=60) | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | - | ||
| Student | ||||||||
| No (n=97) | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | - |
| Yes (n=52) | 0.48 | 0.23–1.00 | 1.13 | 0.26–4.91 | 0.48 | 0.13–1.80 | 0.54 | 0.17–1.74 |
| Employment | ||||||||
| Unemployed (n=34) | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | - |
| Employed full-time (n=44) | 0.90 | 0.36–2.24 | 0.17 | 0.02–1.64 | 2.05 | 0.37–11.29 | 0.96 | 0.24–3.89 |
| Employed part-time (n=68) | 0.78 | 0.34–1.81 | 0.23 | 0.04–1.31 | 1.84 | 0.36–9.36 | 1.14 | 0.33–4.02 |
| Gender identity | ||||||||
| Binary (n=115) | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | - |
| Nonbinary (n=35) | 1.58 | 0.73–3.40 | 0.47 | 0.06–3.94 | 3.82 | 1.24–11.80 | 0.63 | 0.17–2.30 |
| Social gender affirmation | ||||||||
| No (n=16) | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | - | ||
| Yes (n=131) | 0.17 | 0.05–0.55 | 0.73 | 0.08–6.45 | 0.16 | 0.05–0.57 | 0.56 | 0.14–2.20 |
| Time consistently on cross-sex hormones: lifetime | ||||||||
| Never (n=29) | Ref | - | - | - | Ref | - | ||
| Less than 12 months (n=38) | 0.29 | 0.10–0.81 | - | - | 0.21 | 0.04–1.15 | 0.45 | 0.11–1.78 |
| 12 months to less than 3 years (n=37) | 0.44 | 0.16–1.19 | - | - | 0.22 | 0.04–1.18 | 0.47 | 0.12–1.83 |
| 3 years or more (n=46) | 0.48 | 0.19–1.23 | - | - | 0.37 | 0.10–1.46 | 0.37 | 0.09–1.43 |
| Gender confirmation surgeries: lifetime | ||||||||
| No (n=90) | Ref | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | ||
| Yes (n=60) | 0.59 | 0.29–1.17 | 0.2 | 0.02–1.66 | 0.37 | 0.10–1.40 | 1.59 | 0.59–4.27 |
| Social support score | ||||||||
| Continuous | 0.96 | 0.88–1.05 | 0.83 | 0.68–0.99 | 1.00 | 0.87–1.15 | 0.96 | 0.85–1.09 |
| Partnered | ||||||||
| No (n=55) | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | - | Ref | - |
| Yes (n=95) | 0.52 | 0.26–1.02 | 0.33 | 0.08–1.42 | 0.75 | 0.25–2.29 | 0.90 | 0.33–2.47 |
| Number of partners: past 12 months | ||||||||
| Continuous | 1.13 | 1.01–1.26 | 0.97 | 0.77–1.21 | 0.98 | 0.85–1.14 | 0.96 | 0.82–1.13 |
| MAB partner: past 12 months | ||||||||
| No (n=79) | Ref | - | - | - | Ref | - | Ref | - |
| Yes (n=71) | 17.78 | 6.89–46.03 | - | - | 1.17 | 0.38–3.54 | 0.67 | 0.25–1.80 |
| Contraceptive use: current | ||||||||
| No (n=94) | - | - | - | - | Ref | - | Ref | - |
| Yes (n=56) | - | - | 0.54 | 0.11–2.79 | 1.78 | 0.59–5.36 | 0.61 | 0.21–1.82 |
| Pregnant: lifetime | ||||||||
| No (n=142) | Ref | - | - | - | Ref | - | - | - |
| Yes (n=8) | 0.54 | 0.11–2.79 | - | - | 1.42 | 0.16–12.44 | - | - |
| Plans to become pregnant | ||||||||
| No (n=107) | Ref | Ref | - | - | - | Ref | ||
| Yes (n=14) | 1.78 | 0.59–5.36 | 1.42 | 0.16–12.44 | - | - | 1.25 | 0.26–6.10 |
| Plans to use own oocytes with surrogate | ||||||||
| No (n=84) | Ref | - | - | - | Ref | - | - | - |
| Yes (n=18) | 0.61 | 0.21–1.82 | - | - | 1.25 | 0.26–6.10 | - | - |