Table 3:

Unadjusted Odds Ratios (UOR), Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) of The Use of Anti-hypertensive Medication and Pain Categories from Logistic Regression on Cognitive Impairment Among adults, Medical Expenditures Panel Survey, 2015.

Model 1: Unadjusted Model
		UOR	95% CI	Significance
Anti-Hypertensive Medication Categories
	Beta-blockers	1.67	[1.39,2.01]	<0.001***
	Other Anti-hypertensive (s)	1.17	[0.97,1.41]	0.0920
	No Anti-hypertensive (s)†
Model 2: Adjusted for Pain
		AOR	95% CI	Significance
Anti-Hypertensive Medication Categories
	Beta-blockers	1.22	[1.00, 1.49]	0.0544
	Other Anti-hypertensive (s)	0.94	[0.77, 1.15]	0.5674
	No Anti-hypertensive (s)†
Pain Categories
	None†
	Little	1.78	[1.41, 2.25]	<0.001***
	Moderate	4.38	[3.42, 5.60]	<0.001***
	Severe	8.57	[6.76, 10.86]	<0.001***
	Extreme	13.19	[9.71, 17.92]	<0.001***
Model 3: Fully Adjusted Model
Anti-Hypertensive Medication Categories
	Beta-blockers	1.05	[0.84, 1.31]	0.6901
	Other Anti-hypertensive (s)	0.84	[0.67, 1.05]	0.1335
	No Anti-hypertensive (s) †
Pain Interference with Normal Activities
	None†
	Little	1.28	[1.01, 1.63]	0.0409*
	Moderate	2.51	[1.89, 3.34]	<0.001***
	Severe	3.68	[2.85, 4.74]	<0.001***
	Extreme	5.41	[3.90, 7.50]	<0.001***

Note: Based on 8,279 adults age 21 years or older, who participated in the survey in 2015, observed during the entire calendar year and reported having hypertension or cardiovascular diseases.

^†:Reference Group.

^□Fully adjusted model controlled for pain, sex, age, race, education, poverty status, marital status, body mass index, physical activity, smoking status, health insurance, prescription coverage, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cancer, diabetes mellitus, mental health conditions (depression and anxiety), hypercholesterolemia, arthritis, region of residence. Pain included a missing category as well (not presented).

^***p< .001

^**.001 ≤ p < .01

^*.01 ≤ p <.05