. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2020 May 1;52(5):1144–1152. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002216

Table 2.

Associations of the measures of cardiorespiratory fitness, body fat percentage, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour with fasting glycaemia and insulin resistance in children

	Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)	Fasting serum insulin (mU/L)	HOMA-IR
Cardiorespiratory fitness and body fat content (N=452)
Maximal power output (W/kg of lean body mass^1.13)	0.065 (-0.031 to 0.161)	-0.079 (-0.172 to 0.015)	-0.065 (-0.161 to 0.030)
Maximal power output (W/kg of lean body mass¹)	0.074 (-0.02 to 0.168)	-0.063 (-0.158 to 0.031)	-0.050 (-0.144 to 0.045)
Maximal power output (W/kg of body weight^0.48)	0.059 (-0.047 to 0.166)	-0.119 (-0.221 to -0.014)^*	-0.105 (-0.210 to 0.001)
Maximal power output (W/kg of body weight¹)	-0.015 (-0.108 to 0.078)	-0.289 (-0.377 to -0.200)^***	-0.269 (-0.359 to -0.180)^***
Body fat percentage (%)	0.083 (-0.010-0.176)	0.409 (0.325 to 0.494)^***	0.390 (0.304 to 0.475)^***
Physical activity and sedentary time (N=388)
Moderate to vigorous physical activity (min/d)	-0.023 (-0.126 to 0.081)	-0.261 (-0.356 to -0.165)^***	-0.249 (-0.345 to -0.153)^***
Sedentary time (min/d)	0.099 (0.000 to 0.197)	0.272 (0.181 to 0.363)^***	0.271 (0.176 to 0.369)^***
Physical activity energy expenditure (kJ/body mass/d)	-0.060 (-0.159 to 0.040)	-0.269 (-0.360 to -0.178)^***	-0.260 (-0.351 to -0.169)^***

Data are standardised regression coefficient and their 95% confidence intervals from multivariate linear regression analyses adjusted for age and sex. *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001. HOMA-IR = Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance