Table 1. Clinical Characteristics of Heart Failure (HF) Patients.

Data are mean (±SEM) unless otherwise indicated. For heart failure patients, cardiac index and ejection fraction are prior to LVAD implantation.

	HF Patients (n=32)	Control Subjects (n=20)	P-value
Age	57.1 (±2.4)	52.7 (±2.3)	0.22
BMI	27.6 (±1.2)	26.7 (±0.8)	0.73
Cardiac Index	1.9 (±0.1)	N/A	--
Ejection Fraction	18.2 (±1.1)	N/A	--
Male, n (%)	28 (87.5)	12 (60)	0.04
Caucasian, n (%)	27 (84.4)	16 (80)	0.72
Diabetes, n (%)	8 (25)	4 (20)	0.74
Hypertension, n (%)	11 (34.4)	5 (25)	0.55