Table 1.
The full list of questions and answers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Are you a certified radiologist or radiology resident? | Certified radiologist: 1878 (87.9%) |
| Resident: 258 (12.1%) | |
| 2. What type of hospital do you work in? | Public hospital: 1095 (51.3%) |
| University hospital: 432 (20.2%) | |
| Private practice: 406 (19%) | |
| Accredited medical facility: 151 (7.1%) | |
| Local health service: 52 (2.4%) | |
| 3. Did you perform diagnostic or interventional procedures on patients with COVD-19? | Yes: 1497 (70.1%) |
| No: 639 (29.9%) | |
| 4. Did you perform diagnostic or interventional procedures on patients with later diagnosis of COVD-19 for which you have been subsequently considered as exposed? | No: 907 (42.5%) |
| Yes: 687 (32.2%) | |
| Not sure: 542 (25.4%) | |
| 5. During COVID-19 emergency, your routinely working activity is: | Highly decreased: 1027 (48.1%) |
| Decreased: 857 (40.1%) | |
| Stopped: 108 (5.1%) | |
| Unchanged: 61 (2.9%) | |
| Increased: 59 (2.8%) | |
| Highly increased: 24 (1.1%) | |
| 6. During COVID-19 emergency, the working activity (diagnostic and interventional) of your institution has been targeted to: | Emergency procedures and COVID-19 patients: 988 (46.3%) |
| Elective procedures, emergency procedures and COVID-19 patients: 528 (24.7%) | |
| Only emergency procedures: 453 (21.2%) | |
| Working activity has been stopped: 60 (2.8%) | |
| Only COVID-19 patients: 54 (2.5%) | |
| Working activity has not changed: 53 (2.5%) | |
| 7. Among the following radiological procedures, which one has shown the greatest decrease? | Ultrasound: 876 (41%) |
| Mammography: 510 (23.9%) | |
| MRI: 450 (21.1%) | |
| Radiography: 146 (6.8%) | |
| Interventional procedures: 78 (3.7%) | |
| CT: 76 (3.6%) | |
| 8. Did your institution have any trouble getting personal protective equipment (PPE)? | Yes: 1487 (69.6%) |
| No: 649 (30.4%) | |
| 9. Which PPE did your institution provide to health workers? (multiple choice) | Surgical face mask: 2026 (94.9%) |
| Gloves: 2013 (94.2%) | |
| Single use gowns: 1597 (74.8%) | |
| FFP2/FFP3 face mask: 1260 (59%) | |
| Protective goggles 1090 (51%) | |
| Visor: 956 (44.8%) | |
| 10. When did your institution perform RT-PCR swab on health workers? | On those with suspected COVID-19 symptoms: 817 (38.2%) |
| After contact with COVID-19 patients: 670 (31.4%) | |
| All health workers were subjected to RT-PCR swabs: 325 (15.2%) | |
| Never: 324 (15.2%) | |
| 11. In your opinion, when should health workers be subjected to RT-PCR swab? | RT-PCR swab should be performed on all health workers: 1740 (81.5%) |
| After contact with COVID-19/suspected COVID-19 patients: 291 (13.6%) | |
| When health workers present suspected COVID-19 symptoms: 95 (4.4%) | |
| Health workers should never be subjected to RT-PCR swabs: 10 (0.5%) | |
| 12. Were you subjected to RT-PCR swab? | No: 1520 (71.2%) |
| Yes: 616 (28.8%) | |
| 13. Which measures did your institution/hospital adopt to face COVID-19 emergency? (multiple choice) | Different paths of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients: 1335 (62.5%) |
| Clinical and body temperature screening to all admitted patients and health workers: 1126 (52.7%) | |
| Quick isolation of suspected COVID-19 patients: 1184 (55.4%) | |
| Clinical-anamnestic questionnaire to all admitted patients: 1094 (51.2%) | |
| Training courses for health workers on infection control and use of PPE: 799 (37.4%) | |
| PPE to all admitted patients and health workers: 762 (35.7%) | |
| Centralization of supplies of PPE as needed: 601 (28.1%) | |
| Other: no specific measures 12 (0.6%); interruption of activity: 11 (0.5%); do not know/no opinion: 26 (1.2%) | |
| 14. Which further measures did your radiology department adopt to face COVID-19 emergency? (multiple choice) | Increase availability of sanitizers and disinfectants: 1631 (76.4%) |
| Interruption of routine examinations/procedures: 1571 (73.5%) | |
| Standardized protocols of sanitation of the examination rooms: 1489 (69.7%) | |
| Measures to ensure the interpersonal security distance: 1243 (58.2%) | |
| Use of radiology machines dedicated exclusively to COVID-19 patients: 988 (46.2%) | |
| PPE to all patients prior to access the department or to perform examinations: 931 (43.6%) | |
| Implementation of teleradiology activity: 203 (9.5%) | |
| Other: no specific measures 15 (0.7%); do not know/no opinion: 22 (1%) | |
| 15. How do you think that safety of your work environment could be improved? (multiple choice) | Increasing the number of swabs to reduce the infection among health workers: 1507 (70.5%) |
| More PPE for health workers and patients: 1347 (63.1%) | |
| Improving the paths of patients: 1133 (53%) | |
| Managing COVID-19 patients in Institutions dedicated exclusively to these patients: 1102 (51.6%) | |
| Providing PPE to all admitted patients and health workers: 1003 (47%) | |
| Using radiology machines dedicated exclusively to COVID-19 patients: 802 (37.5%) | |
| Improving the training of health workers on infection control: 887 (41.5%) | |
| Improving teleradiology activity: 649 (30.4%) | |
| Other: serology tests: 13 (0.6%); do not know/no opinion: 16 (7.5%) | |
| 16. Do you feel that you have been adequately protected by your institution during COVID-19 emergency? | Yes: 1169 (54.7%) |
| No: 967 (45.3%) | |
| 17. Do you think you have been working safely during COVID-19 emergency? | Yes: 1269 (59.4%) |
| No: 867 (40.6%) | |
| 18. Has your working activity been converted to support other specialists in COVID-19 departments/units? | No: 1849 (86.6%) |
| Yes: 287 (13.4%) | |
| 19. Who is performing chest ultrasound in COVID-19/suspected covid-19 patients at your institution? (multiple choice) | None: 919 (43%) |
| Emergency physician: 639 (29.9%) | |
| Other specialists: 435 (20.4%) | |
| Pneumologist: 355 (16.6%) | |
| Internist: 319 (14.9%) | |
| Radiologist: 259 (12.1%) | |
| 20. Do you think that chest ultrasound: (multiple choice) | Should be done by an operator with experience in this technique: 1488 (69.7%) |
| Is useful: 707 (33.1%) | |
| Is useless: 328 (15.4%) | |
| Should be done by other specialists: 100 (4.7%) | |
| 21. Which is the first imaging examination performed on COVID-19 patients admitted to your institution? (multiple choice) | Chest radiography: 1629 (76.3%) |
| Chest CT: 842 (39.4%) | |
| Chest ultrasound: 198 (9.3%) | |
| 22. Has your knowledge in chest imaging been enough to face COVID-19 emergency? | Yes, but I broadened my knowledge: 1513 (70.9%) |
| Yes: 315 (14.7%) | |
| No, but I broadened my knowledge: 308 (14.4%) | |
| 23. Did any health worker in your radiology department get COVID-19? | No: 1189 (55.7%) |
| Yes, less than 10% of health workers: 768 (36%) | |
| Yes, 10–30% of health workers: 155 (7.3%) | |
| Yes, 30–50% of health workers: 18 (0.8%) | |
| Yes, more than 50% of health workers: 6 (0.3%) | |
| 24. How old are you (in years)? (open) | Mean: 47 ± 12; range: 26–83 years |
| 25. In which region do you work? (open) | See Fig. 2 |
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; PPE, personal protective equipment; RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction