| Micro-environments |
| Physical |
The physical environment refers to what is available in a variety of food outlets, including restaurants, supermarkets, schools, worksites, as well as community, sports and arts venues |
| Communication |
The communication environment refers to food-related messages that may influence children’s eating behaviours. This environment includes food marketing as well as the availability of point-of-purchase information in food retail settings, such as nutrition labels and nutrition education |
| Economic |
The economic environment refers to financial influences, such as manufacturing, distribution and retailing, which primarily relates to cost of food. Costs are often determined by market forces; however, public health interventions such as monetary incentives and disincentives in the form of taxes, pricing policies and subsidies, financial support for health promotion programmes and healthy food purchasing policies and practices through sponsorship can affect food choices |
| Social |
The social environment refers to the attitudes, beliefs and values of a community or society. It also refers to the culture, ethos or climate of a setting. This environment includes the health promoting behaviours of role models, values placed on nutrition in an organisation or by individuals and the relationships between members of a shared setting (e.g., equal treatment, social responsibility) |
| Macro-environment |
| Political |
The political environment refers to a broader context, which can provide supportive infrastructure for policies and actions within micro-environments |
