. 2020 Jul 11;6(7):e04400. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04400

Table 5.

Effects of strain (Cobb or Ross), sex (Male or Female) and age on blood mineral composition of broiler chickens fed a nutritionally adequate corn/soy-based diet.

Strain	Sex	Age	^vCa	^vPHOS	^vK	^vNa	ⁱNa	ⁱK	ⁱCl	ⁱCa	ⁱAnGap
Strain	Sex	Age	(mg/dL)		(mmol/L)
Cobb			11.52	7.27	7.36	148.1	143.6	4.93	108.3	1.36	16.2
Ross			11.48	7.32	8.12	149.2	144.1	4.96	108.6	1.35	16.4
P <			0.171	0.721	<0.001	0.199	0.011	0.484	0.062	0.386	0.557
	Male		11.48	7.35	7.78	148.3	143.6	5.01	107.6	1.35	16.4
	Female		11.53	7.23	7.70	149.0	144.1	4.88	109.1	1.36	16.3
	P <		0.802	0.380	0.409	0.807	0.015	0.140	0.009	0.071	0.631
		14 d	11.43^bc	6.11^c	6.69^cd	146.1^b	140.9^c	5.55^a	110.6^a	1.26^c	12.9^b
		21 d	11.97^a	7.45^ab	7.14^bc	149.6^a	144.0^b	5.11^b	108.3^ab	1.39^a	17.2^a
		28 d	11.26^bc	7.91^a	8.17^ab	148.1^b	143.5^b	4.63^cd	107.0^b	1.33^b	16.9^a
		35 d	11.72^ab	7.26^b	9.07^a	149.5^a	145.5^a	4.52^d	106.7^b	1.39^a	16.8a
		42 d	11.13^c	7.74^ab	7.64^d	149.8^a	145.3^a	4.94^bc	108.9^ab	1.39^a	17.8^a
		P <	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.022	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
		Linear P <	0.032	<0.001	<0.001	0.012	<0.001	<0.001	0.021	<0.001	<0.001
		Quadratic P <	0.027	<0.001	<0.001	0.421	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.010	<0.001
Model Pooled SEM¹			0.25	0.32	0.48	1.9	0.5	0.19	1.3	0.02	0.5

Interaction Terms			(Probability > F)

Strain∗Age			0.691	0.923	0.005	0.138	0.319	0.673	0.248	0.275	0.461
Sex∗Age			0.026	0.778	0.487	0.487	0.967	0.017	0.218	0.244	0.027
Strain∗Sex			0.001	0.080	0.773	0.886	0.398	0.804	0.302	0.064	0.711
Strain∗Age∗Sex			0.002	0.023	0.173	0.063	0.131	0.519	0.566	0.655	0.143

^ab Means within a column of 3 or more independent variables lacking a common superscript differ significantly (P < 0.05).

SEM = Standard error of mean, main effect means of strain and sex calculated using n = 200, main effect means of age calculated using n = 80.