Table 2.
Literature review of reported cases of disproportionately large communicating fourth ventricle
| Author (Year) | No. of patients | Age (years)/sex | Etiology | Operative history | Treatment | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zimmerman et al. (1978)5) | 1 | 43, M | Idiopathic | None | VP shunt | Improvement |
| Rifkinson-mann et al. (1987)22) | 1 | 42, M | Idiopathic | None | Suboccipital craniectomy excision of the outlet membrane | Improvement |
| 2 | 52, M | Idiopathic | None | Suboccipital craniectomy excision of the outlet membrane | Improvement | |
| Mohanty et al. (1999)21) | 1 | 32, M | Idiopathic | None | ETV | Improvement |
| 2 | 20, F | Idiopathic | None | ETV | Improvement | |
| 3 | 45, F | Idiopathic | None | ETV | Improvement | |
| Huang et al. (2001)18) | 1 | 15, F | Idiopathic | None | Suboccipital craniotomy excision of the outlet membrane | Improvement |
| Karachi et al. (2003)19) | 1 | 21, F | Idiopathic | None | ETV | Improvement |
| 2 | 53, F | Idiopathic | None | ETV | Improvement | |
| 3 | 68, M | Idiopathic | None | ETV | Improvement | |
| Longatti et al. (2006)20) | 1 | 64, F | Idiopathic | None | Opening of the foramen of Magendie | Improvement |
| Hagihara et al. (2007)16) | 1 | 13, M | Idiopathic | None | VP shunt | Improvement |
| Hashimoto et al. (2014)17) | 1 | 1, M | Idiopathic | Ventricular drainage | ETV | Improvement |
| Sartoretti-Schefer et al. (2000)4) | 1 | 19, M | Meningitis | VP shunt | Suboccipital craniectomy fourth ventricular fenestration and partial resection of the tonsil | Improvement |
| Shin et al. (2000)10) | 1 | 36, M | Pilocytic astrocytoma | VP shunt | Placement of a fourth VP shunt | Improvement |
| Yamashita et al. (2012)25) | 1 | 44, F | SAH | VP shunt | Placement of a fourth VP shunt | Improvement |
| Katano et al. (2012)23) | 1 | 6 wk, F | Myelomeningocele | VP shunt | Shunt valve adjust | Improvement |
| Ogiwara et al. (2013)11) | 1 | 13, M | IVH | ETV | Placement of a fourth VP shunt | Improvement |
| 2 | 3, M | IVH | Ommaya reservoir | Placement of a fourth VP shunt | Improvement | |
| 3 | 7, M | IVH | VP shunt | Placement of a fourth VP shunt | Improvement | |
| 4 | 31, M | IVH | VP shunt | Placement of a fourth VP shunt | Improvement |
ETV: endoscopic third ventriculostomy, F: female, IVH: intraventricular hemorrhage, M: male, No.: number, SAH: subarachnoid hemorrhage, VP: ventriculoperitoneal.