Definition of HF	N	Definition of HeFNEF	Exclusion criteria	Kidney disease N (%)	HT N (%)	COPD N (%)	IHD N (%)	Pacemaker/defibrillator N (%)	Diabetes N (%)	BNP median ng/L
Nikolaidou et al (2018)									Excluded		NT‐proBNP
	No HF HeFNEF HeFREF	1,155 1,107 1,434	HeFNEF definition: ESC 2016 (Ponikowski et al., 2016) ‐Symptoms compatible with HF ‐NT‐pro‐B ≥ 220 ng/ml for patients in sinus rhythm ‐LVEF ≥ 45%	‐Inability to provide consent ‐Pregnancy ‐Atrial fibrillation/flutter ‐Pacemaker even if not pacing at the time of the ECG recording				246 (22) 479 (44) 944 (66)	5/1193 (0.4) 99/1950 (5) 234/2333 (10)	260 (23) 291 (26) 360 (25)	86 548 1,291
Pascual‐Figal et al. (2017)											NT‐proBNP
	HeFNEF HeFMEF HeFREF	635 460 2,351	HF diagnosis: ‐Prior hospitalization for HF ‐Objective signs of HF confirmed by symptoms, chest X‐ray, and/or echocardiography HeFMEF: LVEF 40%–49% HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%	‐Acute coronary syndrome ‐Severe valvular disease ‐Life‐limiting comorbidity		511 (81) 305 (66) 1,414 (60)		165 (26) 256 (56) 1,203 (51)		258 (41) 211 (46) 930 (40)	1,023 936 1557
Hendry et al. (2016)									Excluded
	HeFNEF HeFREF	50 60	HF diagnosis: ESC 2012 or AHA 2013 (McMurray et al., 2012; Yancy et al., 2013) HeFNEF: LVEF > 40%	‐Congenital Heart Disease ‐Primary valve disease ‐Acute coronary syndrome ‐Massive pericardial effusion ‐Severe pulmonary disease		46 (92) 36 (65)				19 (38) 13 (22)
Gijsberts et al. (2016)	All HF HeFNEF HeFREF	12,060 2,913 9,147	SHOP cohort Clinical diagnosis of HF based on ESC 2012 guidelines (McMurray et al., 2012) SwedeHF registry HF diagnosis: Clinician‐judged HF HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%	SHOP cohort: ‐Severe valve disease ‐ACS ‐End‐stage renal failure ‐Specific subgroups of HF (e.g., constrictive pericarditis, ACHD) ‐Isolated right HF ‐Life‐limiting comorbidity ‐Concurrent participation in a clinical trial of new medication			2,157 (18)			3,126 (26)
Sanchis et al. (2016)	No HF HeFNEF	32 34	HeFNEF definition: ESC 2007 (Paulus et al., 2007) LVEF > 50%	‐Age < 18 years ‐Life expectancy < 1 year ‐AF or atrial flutter ‐Significant valvular disease	8 (24) 13 (41)	21 (62) 30 (94)				6 (18) 7 (22)	37† 120†
Cenkerova et al. (2016)											NT‐proBNP
	HeFNEF HeFREF	63 46	HF diagnosis: ESC 2012 (McMurray et al., 2012) HeFNEF: LVEF > 40%	Known advanced malignancy with expected survival < 1 year		57 (91) 34 (74)		43 (68) 32 (70)		26 (41) 16 (35)	3,006 5,467
Yap et al. (2015)											NT‐proBNP
	HeFNEF HeFREF	751 1,209	HeFNEF definition: HF with LVEF ≥ 50% and ≥ grade 1 diastolic dysfunction on echo or NT‐proBNP ˃ 220 ng/L			603 (80) 838 (69)	107 (14) 139 (12)	308 (41) 588 (49)		354 (47) 666 (55)	5,814 12,323
Menet et al. (2014)									Excluded
	No HF (HTN) HeFNEF HeFREF (CRT+) HeFREF (QRS < 120)	40 40 40 40	HF definition: Framingham (McKee, Castelli, McNamara, & Kannel, 1971) and physical and radiographic evidence of pulmonary congestion HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%	‐History of MI ‐Atrioventricular or sinoatrial conduction defects ‐Atrial fibrillation or flutter ‐Primary valvular disease ‐Prosthetic heart valve ‐Restrictive or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ‐Constrictive pericarditis ‐End‐stage kidney disease ‐Nephrotic syndrome ‐Isolated right HF ‐Liver cirrhosis ‐Congenital heart disease ‐High‐output HF		40 (100) 37 (93) 13 (33) 21 (54)	1 (3) 7 (18) 5 (13) 5 (13)	2 (5) 9 (23) 13 (33) 20 (50)		15 (38) 24 (60) 11 (28) 14 (36)	54 471 959 722
Lund et al. (2013)							Lung disease		Excluded
	All HF HeFNEF HeFMEF HeFREF	25,171 6,193 5,601 13,377	Clinician judged HF HeFMEF: LVEF 40%–49% HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%		16,017 (64)	11,595 (46)	4,568 (18)	11,891 (47)	5,150/37,974	6,070 (24)
Park et al. (2013)									Excluded
	HeFNEF HeFREF	523 966	Framingham (McKee et al., 1971)	‐Paced rhythm ‐Patients lost to follow‐up ‐Unavailable data		272 (52) 425 (44)		78 (15) 223 (23)		155 (30) 334 (35)
Eicher et al. (2012)											NT‐proBNP
	No HF HeFNEF	27 29	HF diagnosis: ESC guidelines 2007 (Paulus et al., 2007) HeFNEF: LVEF > 50%	‐Significant valve disease ‐Hypertrophic/restrictive cardiomyopathy ‐Not in sinus rhythm		20 (74) 24 (83)				5 (19) 9 (31)	523 4,653
Khan et al. (2007)							Lung disease
	All No echo abnormality LVDD Mild LVSD Mod/severe LVSD	5,935 523 109 667 735	Included in the study: ‐A clinical diagnosis of heart failure recorded during admission ‐A diagnosis of HF at any time in the last 3 years ‐Loop diuretic for any reason other than renal failure during the 24 hr prior to death or discharge ‐Treatment for HF within 24 hr of death or discharge HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%		1,069 (18)	3,211 (54)	1731 (29)	3,821 (64)	636 (11)	1601 (27)
Hawkins et al. (2007) and Olsson et al. (2006)								Angina
	HeFNEF HeFREF	3,023 4,576	Symptomatic HF NYHA II‐IV for at least 4 weeks HeFNEF: LVEF > 40%	‐Serum creatinine ≥ 3 mg/dl ‐Serum potassium ≥ 5.5 mmol/l ‐Symptomatic hypotension ‐Bilateral renal artery stenosis ‐Critical aortic or mitral stenosis, MI, stroke, or open‐heart surgery in the previous 4 weeks ‐Use of an ARB in last 2 weeks ‐Life‐limiting comorbidity	52 (2) 101 (2)	1943 (64) 2,243 (49)		1817 (60) 2,535 (55)	244 (8) 584 (13)	857 (28) 1,306 (29)
Danciu et al. (2006)†	HeFNEF HeFREF	108 109	HF definition: ICD−9 discharge diagnosis of HF HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 40%	‐Implantable devices	69 (64) 64 (59)	90 (83) 87 (80)		63 (58) 83 (76)		59 (55) 52 (48)
Peyster et al. (2004)							Restrictive/COPD
	HeFNEF HeFREF	59 78	Framingham (McKee et al., 1971) HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%		32 (33) 71 (47)	95 (98) 120 (80)	COPD 30 (31) 35 (23)	36 (37) 122 (81)	9 (9) 27 (18)	54 (56) 80 (53)
Varadarajan and Pai (2003)								MI
	HeFNEF HeFREF	963 1,295	Framingham (McKee et al., 1971) HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 55%		10 (1) 13 (1)	260 (27) 350 (27)	39 (4) 117 (9)	10 (1) 39 (3)		39 (4) 155 (12)
Masoudi et al. (2003)	HeFNEF HeFREF	6,754 12,956	HF definition: Patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of HF and prior history of HF or evidence of HF on admission chest X‐ray HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%	‐Chronic renal failure on hemodialysis ‐Patient transferred to another facility or self‐discharged	2,431 (36) 6,089 (47)	4,660 (69) 7,903 (61)	2,296 (34) 4,016 (31)	3,107 (46) 8,421 (65)		2,499 (37) 5,182 (40)
Shenkman et al. (2002)	All HF HeFNEF HeFREF	3,471 1811 1,660	HF definition: A minimum of two outpatient ICD−9‐CM codes for HF or one inpatient hospitalization under diagnosis‐related group 127 or 124 and one of the above codes HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%
Senni et al. (1998)	HeFNEF HeFREF	59 78	HF definition: Modified Framingham criteria (McKee et al., 1971) HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%		22 (37) 40 (51)	34 (58) 39 (50)	9 (15) 11 (14)	18 (31) 41 (53)
Gigliotti et al. (2017)											NT‐proBNP
	HeFNEF SR AF	57 25	HF definition: Framingham (McKee et al., 1971) HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%	‐Paced rhythm ‐Atrial flutter ‐Severe valvular disease		46 (81) 18 (72)		31 (54) 16 (64)		32 (56) 11(44)	4,951* 6,019*
Oskouie et al. (2017)									Paced ventricular rhythm
	HeFNEF	201	HeFNEF definition: All patients met the Framingham (McKee et al., 1971) and ESC (McMurray et al., 2012) criteria for HF LVEF > 50%	‐Atrial fibrillation/flutter ‐Ventricular pacing ‐T‐wave abnormality ‐TpTe amplitude < 1.5 mV ‐Heart block ‐ECGs not accessible	66/201 (33)	155/201 (77)		89/201 (44)	21/397 (5)	65/201 (32)	192
Martinez Santos et al. (2016)	HeFNEF	123	HF definition: Framingham (McKee et al., 1971) All patients also met the ESC HeFNEF criteria.(McMurray et al., 2012; Paulus et al., 2007) HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%	‐Advanced renal disease ‐High‐output failure ‐Congenital heart disease ‐Mitral or aortic prosthesis ‐Severe left valvular disease ‐RBBB			46 (37)
Shah et al. (2015)	Group 1 Group 2 Group 3		HF definition: Framingham (McKee et al., 1971) HeFNEF: LVEF > 50% ‐BNP > 100 ng/L ‐Evidence of diastolic dysfunction on echocardiography or ‐Raised LV filling pressures		8 (6) 41 (34) 79 (53)	84 (66) 108 (90) 112 (75)	43 (34) 46 (38) 56 (38)	54 (42) 58 (48) 75 (50)		12 (9) 63 (52) 50 (34)	72 188 607
Donal et al. (2014)									Paced ventricular rhythm
	HeFNEF at admission HeFNEF after 4–8 weeks treatment	539 438	HeFNEF definition: Framingham (McKee et al., 1971) ‐Signs and symptoms of HF ‐BNP > 100 ng/L or NT‐proBNP > 300 ng/L ‐LVEF ≥ 45% Verified within 72 hr of presentation	‐Evidence of primary hypertrophic or restrictive cardiomyopathy ‐Systemic illness known to be associated with infiltrative heart disease ‐Known cause of right heart failure not related to LVSD ‐Pericardial constriction	146 (27)	419 (78)	73 (14)	158 (29)	35 (7)	161 (30)	BNP 429 NT‐proBNP 2,448 BNP 277 NT‐proBNP 1,409
Adabag et al. (2014) and Komajda et al. (2011) and Zile et al. (2011)										NT‐ProBNP
	HeFNEF (alive at follow‐up) HeFNEF (non‐SCD) HeFNEF (SCD)	3,247 650 231	HF definition: ‐HF symptoms ‐Hospitalization for HF during the previous 6 months and NYHA class II, III, or IV symptoms with corroborative evidence If not hospitalized, ongoing class III or IV symptoms with corroborative evidence HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 45%	‐≤60 years of age ‐Intolerance to ARB ‐Previous LVEF < 40% ‐ACS, coronary revascularization, or stroke within the previous 3 months ‐Significant valvular disease ‐Hypertrophic or restrictive cardiomyopathy ‐Pericardial disease ‐ Isolated right HF ‐Systolic BP < 100 mm Hg or > 160 mm Hg or a diastolic BP > 95 mm Hg despite HT therapy ‐Life‐limiting comorbidity ‐Laboratory abnormalities	877 (27) 306 (47) 81 (35)	2,889 (89) 553 (85) 201 (87)	260 (8) 85 (13) 37 (16)	1624 (50) 358 (55) 146 (63)		812 (25) 228 (35) 88 (38)	647 1733 1722
Selvaraj et al. (2014)						COPD/asthma
	HeFNEF (QRS‐T 0–26°) HeFNEF (QRS‐T 27–75°) HeFNEF (QRS‐T 76–179°)	124 125 127	HF definition: Framingham (McKee et al., 1971) Identified from inpatient records: ‐Diagnosis of HF or the term HF in the hospital notes ‐ BNP > 100 pg/ml or ‐Two or more doses of intravenous diuretic administered HeFNEF definition: LVEF > 50% and LV end‐diastolic volume index <97 ml/m2 (Paulus et al., 2007)	‐Significant valvular disease ‐Prior cardiac transplantation, ‐History of overt LV systolic dysfunction (LVEF < 40%) ‐Constrictive pericarditis. ‐Ventricular paced rhythm	47 (38) 74 (59) 73 (57)	92 (74) 100 (80) 99 (78)	50 (40) 47 (38) 46 (36)	40 (32) 37 (30) 54 (43)		32 (26) 46 (37) 51 (40)	123 222 379
Shah et al. (2013)
	HeFNEF	3,445	HeFNEF definition: ‐At least one HF symptom at the time of study screening and at least one HF sign within the 12 months prior to screening. ‐At least 1 HF hospitalization in the 12 months prior to study screening or BNP > 100 pg/ml or NT‐proBNP > 360 pg/ml within the 60 days prior to screening ‐Controlled systolic BP ‐Serum potassium < 5.0 mmol/L ‐LVEF ≥ 45%	‐Life‐limiting comorbidity ‐Chronic pulmonary disease ‐Infiltrative or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ‐Constrictive pericarditis ‐Cardiac transplant or LVAD ‐Chronic hepatic disease ‐CKD ‐Significant hyperkalemia ‐Intolerance to aldosterone antagonist ‐Recent MI, CABG, or PCI	1,332 (39)	3,147 (91)	403 (12)	2023 (59)	269 (8)	1,114 (32)	BNP 234 NT‐proBNP 950
Hummel et al. (2009)									Excluded
	HeFNEF (overall) HeFNEF (QRS < 120) HeFNEF (QRS ≥ 120)	872 679 193	No definition of HF. HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%	‐Patients without numerical assessment of LVEF ‐Pacemaker or defibrillator ‐Moderate/severe valve disease ‐Documented ventricular tachycardia, cardiac arrest, or death during hospitalization		733 (84) 570 (84) 158 (82)		497 (57) 367 (54) 124 (64)	17/963
O'Neal et al. (2017)						On HT medication
	No HF Developed HeFREF Developed HeFNEF	6,420 127 117	HF definition: Composite of probable and definite HF events Probable: ‐Symptoms of HF ‐Previous physician diagnosis Definite: ‐Evidence of structural defect HeFNEF: LVEF ≥ 50%	‐Prevalent cardiovascular disease ‐Missing ECG data or baseline characteristics ‐Missing HF follow‐up data		2,329 (36) 76 (60) 65 (56)				866 (13) 39 (31) 36 (31)
Ho et al. (2013)	No HF HeFNEF HeFREF	5,828 196 261	Framingham (McKee et al., 1971) Inclusion criteria: HF hospitalization with an evaluation of LVEF HeFNEF: LVEF > 45%			152 (78) 209 (80)		44 (22) 88 (34)		47 (24) 77 (30)
Lee et al. (2009)						On HT medication
	HeFNEF HeFREF	220 314	Framingham (McKee et al., 1971) Inclusion criteria: HF hospitalization with an evaluation of LVEF near the time of hospitalization HeFNEF: LVEF > 45%			130 (59) 177(56)				49 (22) 86 (27)

Abbreviations: ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BNP, B‐type natriuretic peptide; BP, blood pressure; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CHD, congenital heart disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HeFNEF, heart failure with normal ejection fraction; HF, heart failure; HT, hypertension; HT, hypertension; ICD‐9, international classification of diseases, ninth revision; LVAD, left ventricular assist device; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, myocardial infarction; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐BNP; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; RV, right ventricular; SR, sinus rhythm.