Table 3. Risk of Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality Associated With Daily Dietary Plant Protein Intake Among 179 068 Women.

Cause of death	Per 1 SD			Per 10 g/1000 kcal increment
	ARD, % (95% CI)a	HR (95% CI)	P value	ARD, % (95% CI)a	HR (95% CI)	P value
Overall
Age adjustedb	−1.0 (−1.1 to −0.95)	0.85 (0.83 to 0.86)	<.001	−2.5 (−2.8 to −2.4)	0.63 (0.61 to 0.66)	<.001
Multivariablec	−0.33 (−0.48 to −0.21)	0.95 (0.93 to 0.96)	<.001d	−0.86 (−1.3 to −0.55)	0.86 (0.82 to 0.90)	<.001d
Cancer
Age adjustedb	−0.38 (−0.46 to −0.33)	0.87 (0.85 to 0.89)	<.001	−0.96 (−1.1 to −0.84)	0.68 (0.65 to 0.73)	<.001
Multivariablec	−0.092 (−0.19 to −0.012)	0.97 (0.94 to 1.00)	.04	−0.24 (−0.49 to −0.035)	0.91 (0.84 to 0.99)	.04
CVD
Age adjustedb	−0.32 (−0.38 to −0.27)	0.85 (0.83 to 0.87)	<.001	−0.78 (−0.93 to −0.68)	0.65 (0.60 to 0.69)	<.001
Multivariablec	−0.13 (−0.22 to −0.053)	0.93 (0.90 to 0.97)	<.001d	−0.35 (−0.57 to −0.15)	0.83 (0.75 to 0.92)	<.001
Heart disease
Age adjustedb	−0.24 (−0.29 to −0.19)	0.86 (0.83 to 0.88)	<.001	−0.59 (−0.72 to −0.49)	0.66 (0.61 to 0.71)	<.001
Multivariablec	−0.070 (−0.14 to 0.0028)	0.96 (0.92 to 1.00)	.04	−0.18 (−0.37 to 0.0032)	0.89 (0.79 to 0.99)	.04
Stroke
Age adjustedb	−0.079 (−0.11 to −0.049)	0.85 (0.80 to 0.89)	<.001	−0.19 (−0.26 to −0.13)	0.64 (0.55 to 0.74)	<.001
Multivariablec	−0.060 (−0.10 to −0.019)	0.88 (0.81 to 0.96)	.003d	−0.15 (−0.25 to −0.052)	0.71 (0.57 to 0.89)	.003d
Respiratory disease
Age adjustedb	−0.28 (−0.32 to −0.24)	0.68 (0.65 to 0.71)	<.001	−0.60 (−0.69 to −0.55)	0.35 (0.31 to 0.39)	<.001
Multivariablec	−0.037 (−0.097 to 0.017)	0.95 (0.89 to 1.01)	.12	−0.097 (−0.25 to 0.043)	0.87 (0.73 to 1.04)	.12
Infection
Age adjustedb	−0.072 (−0.098 to −0.049)	0.81 (0.76 to 0.86)	<.001	−0.17 (−0.23 to −0.12)	0.56 (0.47 to 0.67)	<.001
Multivariablec	−0.042 (−0.081 to −0.0035)	0.89 (0.81 to 0.98)	.02	−0.10 (−0.20 to −0.013)	0.73 (0.56 to 0.94)	.02
Injury and accident
Age adjustedb	−0.016 (−0.036 to 0.0051)	0.93 (0.86 to 1.00)	.06	−0.042 (−0.090 to 0.012)	0.82 (0.66 to 1.01)	.06
Multivariablec	−0.013 (−0.042 to 0.018)	0.94 (0.84 to 1.06)	.32	−0.035 (−0.11 to 0.045)	0.85 (0.62 to 1.17)	.32
Other causes
Age adjustedb	−0.22 (−0.28 to −0.18)	0.87 (0.85 to 0.90)	<.001	−0.55 (−0.69 to −0.45)	0.69 (0.64 to 0.74)	<.001
Multivariablec	−0.11 (−0.21 to −0.039)	0.93 (0.90 to 0.97)	<.001d	−0.29 (−0.53 to −0.11)	0.83 (0.74 to 0.93)	<.001d

Abbreviations: ARD, absolute risk difference; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HR, hazard ratio.

^aCalculated as a difference of 1-SD or 10 g/1000 kcal increment per day in plant protein intake during the follow-up of 16 years. The 95% CIs were estimated from 100 bootstrap samples.

^bFor age at entry, total energy intake, and animal protein intake.

^cAdjusted as indicated in note c of Table 2, and further adjusted for hormone replacement therapy (yes vs no).

^dAchieved Bonferroni-corrected threshold (.05/18 = .0028).