LncCSMD1 failed to induce malignant phenotypes of HCC cells under knock-down of MYC. (A-C) In Hep3B and HepG2 cells, MYC was knocked down by siRNA against MYC followed by transient overexpression of lncCSMD1, and then CCK8 (A), colony formation (B) and invasion assay (C) were carried out to evaluate the effect of lncCSMD1 overexpression on the proliferation, colony formation and invasion ability of these HCC cells, showing that lncCSMD1 overexpression can promote proliferation, colony formation and invasion of the control HCC cells, but has not any significant effect on the biological phenotypes of the HCC cells with downregulation of MYC compared with those of the HCC cells with only MYC knockdown. (D) The expressions of lncCSMD1 RNA and MYC protein in 11 primary HCC tissues were investigated by FISH and immunofluorescence, respectively, and the representative images are presented (left); In Pearson correlation analysis, lncCSMD1 RNA has a highly positive relationship with MYC protein in HCC tissues (11 cases) (right). (E) The work model of lncCSMD-induced oncogenic phenotypes of HCC cells via activating MYC signaling.