Table 2.

Quantitative descriptive critical review analysis of four identified studies

Critical Appraisal Checklist Quantitative Descriptive	Clemmens et al., 2012[43]	Dogan, 2013 [44]	Haresaku et al., 2018 [45]	Pai et al., 2016 [31]
Screening question (SQ)1. Are there clear research questions?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
SQ 2. Does the collected data address the research questions?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
1. Is the sampling strategy relevant to address the research question(s)?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
2. Is the sample representative of the target population?	No	No	No	No
3. Are the measurements appropriate (clear origin or validity is known or standard instrument)?	No	Yes	Yes	Unclear
4. Is the risk of nonresponse bias low?	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
5. Is the statistical analysis appropriate to answer the research question(s)?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Overall quality score*	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.4

*Overall quality score: Studies met all assessment criteria scored one and studies met fewer criteria scored less than one