Table 1.

Demographics and clinical characteristics of surgical and non-surgical patients with candidemia

Characteristics	Surgical patients (n = 172)	Non-surgical patients (n = 64)	P value
Age	62.5 ± 14.2	55.0 ± 21.9	0.002
Age ≥ 65 years	75 (43.6%)	22 (34.4%)	0.2
Male sex	119 (69.2%)	41 (64.1%)	0.45
Underlying diseases
Hematological malignancy	1 (0.6%)	15 (23.4%)	< 0.001
Solid tumors	90 (52.3%)	8 (12.5%)	< 0.001
Diabetes mellitus	32 (18.6%)	24 (37.5%)	0.002
Predisposing factors
Renal replacement therapy	7 (4.1%)	15 (23.4%)	< 0.001
Current and former smokers	52 (30.2%)	18 (28.1%)	0.75
ICU stay	63 (36.6%)	20 (31.3%)	0.44
Prior antibiotics exposure	166 (96.5%)	52 (81.3%)	< 0.001
Prior antifungal exposure	25 (14.5%)	12 (18.8%)	0.43
TPN	162 (94.2%)	26 (40.6%)	< 0.001
Presence of CVC	67 (39.0%)	26 (40.6%)	0.82
Mechanical ventilation	20 (11.6%)	8 (12.5%)	0.85
Presence of urinary catheter	127 (73.8%)	21 (32.8%)	< 0.001
Presence of gastric tube	132 (76.7%)	23 (35.9%)	< 0.001
Laboratory findings
Renal failure	31 (18%)	26 (40.6%)	< 0.001
Anemia	144 (83.7%)	55 (85.9%)	0.68
Hypoalbuminemia	71 (41.3%)	31 (48.4%)	0.32
Hyponatremia	73 (42.4%)	18 (28.1%)	0.045
Leukopenia	19 (11%)	19 (29.7%)	0.001
Thrombocytopenia	24 (14.0%)	24 (37.5%)	< 0.001
C. albicans infection	58 (33.7%)	25 (39.1%)	0.45
C. parapsilosis infection	74 (43.0%)	15 (23.4%)	0.006
C. glabrata infection	19 (11%)	10 (15.6%)	0.34
C. tropicalis infection	14 (8.1%)	13 (20.3%)	0.009
Fluconazole susceptibility	126 (73.3%)	44 (68.8%)	0.50
Empirical antifungal therapy	115 (66.9%)	40 (62.5%)	0.53
No antifungal therapy	27 (15.7%)	9 (14.1%)	0.76
Outcome
30-day mortality	33 (19.2%)	18 (28.1%)	0.14
LOS (days)	32 (22.3–47.8)	26 (15–47)	0.02

ICU, Intensive care unit; TPN, Total parenteral nutrition; CVC, central venous catheter; LOS, Length of hospital stay;