Table 3.
Univariable analysis of factors associated with 30-day mortality of surgical patients with candidemia
| Variable | Survivors n = 139 (80.8%) | Deaths n = 33 (19.2%) | Odds ratio | 95% Confidence interval | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 61.6 ± 14.4 | 66.5 ± 12.6 | 1.03 | 1–1.06 | 0.07 |
| Age ≥ 65 years | 57 (41.0%) | 18 (54.5%) | 1.73 | 0.8–3.71 | 0.16 |
| Male sex | 97 (69.8%) | 22 (66.7%) | 0.87 | 0.39–1.95 | 0.73 |
| Underlying diseases | |||||
| Solid tumors | 77 (55.4%) | 13 (39.4%) | 0.52 | 0.24–1.14 | 0.10 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 24 (17.3%) | 8 (24.2%) | 1.53 | 0.62–3.81 | 0.36 |
| Predisposing factors | |||||
| Current and former smokers | 42 (30.2%) | 10 (30.3%) | 1 | 0.44–2.29 | 0.99 |
| ICU stay | 38 (27.3%) | 25 (75.8%) | 8.31 | 3.45–20.01 | < 0.001 |
| Recent abdominal surgery | 118 (84.9%) | 23 (69.7%) | 0.41 | 0.17–0.98 | 0.046 |
| Recent cancer surgery | 74 (53.2%) | 11 (33.3%) | 0.44 | 0.2–0.97 | 0.04 |
| Prior antibiotics exposure | 134 (96.4%) | 32 (97.0%) | 1.19 | 0.13–10.58 | 0.87 |
| Prior antifungal exposure | 20 (14.4%) | 5 (15.2%) | 1.06 | 0.37–3.08 | 0.91 |
| TPN | 130 (93.5%) | 32 (97.0%) | 2.22 | 0.27–18.13 | 0.46 |
| Presence of CVC | 49 (35.3%) | 18 (54.5%) | 2.2 | 1.02–4.75 | 0.04 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 15 (10.8%) | 5 (15.2%) | 1.48 | 0.5–4.4 | 0.48 |
| Presence of urinary catheter | 106 (76.3%) | 21 (63.6%) | 0.54 | 0.24–1.22 | 0.14 |
| Presence of gastric tube | 109 (78.4%) | 23 (69.7%) | 0.63 | 0.27–1.47 | 0.29 |
| Laboratory findings | |||||
| Renal failure | 17 (12.2%) | 14 (42.4%) | 5.29 | 2.24–12.46 | < 0.001 |
| Anemia | 116 (83.5%) | 28 (84.8%) | 1.11 | 0.39–3.18 | 0.85 |
| Hypoalbuminemia | 47 (33.8%) | 24 (72.7%) | 5.22 | 2.25–12.13 | < 0.001 |
| Hyponatremia | 67 (48.2%) | 6 (18.2%) | 0.24 | 0.09–0.61 | 0.003 |
| Leukopenia | 14 (10.1%) | 5 (15.2%) | 1.59 | 0.53–4.79 | 0.41 |
| Thrombocytopenia | 10 (7.2%) | 14 (42.4%) | 9.51 | 3.7–24.42 | < 0.001 |
| C. albicans infection | 39 (28.1%) | 19 (57.6%) | 3.48 | 1.59–7.62 | 0.002 |
| C. parapsilosis infection | 67 (48.2%) | 7 (21.2%) | 0.29 | 0.12–0.71 | 0.007 |
| C. glabrata infection | 15 (10.8%) | 4 (12.1%) | 1.14 | 0.35–3.69 | 0.83 |
| C. tropicalis infection | 11 (7.9%) | 3 (9.1%) | 1.16 | 0.31–4.43 | 0.82 |
| Fluconazole susceptibility | 103 (74.1%) | 23 (69.7%) | 0.8 | 0.35–1.85 | 0.61 |
| Empirical antifungal therapy | 94 (67.6%) | 21 (63.6%) | 0.84 | 0.38–1.85 | 0.66 |
| No antifungal therapy | 22 (15.8%) | 5 (15.2%) | 0.95 | 0.33–2.73 | 0.92 |
| Outcome | |||||
| LOS (days) | 33 (22–48) | 31 (23–41.5) | 1 | 0.98–1.01 | 0.52 |
ICU, Intensive care unit; TPN, Total parenteral nutrition; CVC, central venous catheter; LOS, Length of hospital stay;