Table 2.
Prevalence of cannabis abuse/dependence items among people reporting daily/almost daily cannabis use, by year and age group.
| a) Ages 12-17 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cannabis abuse items Prevalence (95%CI) | Cannabis dependence items Prevalence (95%CI) | |||||||||||
| Failure role obligations | Hazardous situations | Law problems | Cont. use despite social problems | Spent a lot of time | Unable to keep limits | Tolerance | Unable to cut down | Cont. use despite health problems | Gave up social activities | |||
| 2002 | 31.90 (25.3,39.3) | 29.82 (22.2,38.7) | 16.37 (10.4,24.7) | 25.34 (18.4,33.8) | 92.67 (87.6,95.8) | 13.37 (8.9,19.5) | 70.11 (63.1,76.3) | 9.73 (6.1,15.1) | 28.83 (22.9,35.6) | 35.05 (27.8,43.1) | ||
| 2003 | 25.16 (18.9,32.7) | 27.02 (20.3,35) | 16.57 (10.8,24.6) | 22.51 (15.7,31.3) | 88.41 (81.4,93) | 11.63 (6.5,20) | 68.98 (61.5,75.6) | 11.49 (7.2,17.8) | 20.69* (14.7,28.3) | 26.51 (19.7,34.7) | ||
| 2004 | 25.55 (19.8,32.3) | 20.82 (14.8,28.5) | 12.35 (7.8,19.0) | 17.86 (12.9,24.2) | 87.18 (80.3,91.9) | 9.48 (6.2,14.3) | 66.28 (58.1,73.6) | 9.84 (5.9,16.1) | 13.91 (9.0,21.0) | 32.98 (26.2,40.6) | ||
| 2005 | 32.00 (23.8,41.5) | 24.94 (18.0,33.5) | 22.75 (15.7,31.8) | 22.49 (15.4,31.7) | 87.40 (80,92.3) | 12.35 (7.6,19.4) | 74.09 (65.7,81) | 9.17 (5.5,14.9) | 26.58 (19.8,34.6) | 33.04 (24.7,42.5) | ||
| 2006 | 32.35 (25,40.7) | 19.03* (13.5,26.1) | 14.35 (9.1,22.0) | 26.12 (18.7,35.3) | 88.33 (83.2,92) | 12.61 (7.2,21.1) | 67.68 (57.8,76.2) | 12.00 (6.8,20.3) | 21.34 (16.9,26.6) | 27.38 (20.4,35.7) | ||
| 2007 | 25.68 (17.9,35.3) | 18.08* (12.8,24.9) | 12.89 (7.6,21.0) | 20.60 (14.4,28.7) | 85.01* (77.9,90.1) | 6.9* (4.6,10.2) | 65.96 (56.9,74) | 9.36 (5.6,15.2) | 16.16* (10.2,24.7) | 24.34 (17.5,32.8) | ||
| 2008 | 29.36 (22.2,37.8) | 14.3* (9.9,20.2) | 11.43 (7.4,17.2) | 21.42 (16.3,27.6) | 87.03 (78.3,92.6) | 6.5* (3.2,12.6) | 76.57 (67.7,83.6) | 6.55 (3.4,12.2) | 20.53 (13.9,29.2) | 31.70 (24.7,39.7) | ||
| 2009 | 23.06 (17.1,30.3) | 16.76* (11.7,23.5) | 11.75 (7.6,17.9) | 24.0 (17.3,32.3) | 89.48 (81.1,94.4) | 12.40 (7.7,19.4) | 66.25 (58.7,73) | 12.29 (7.2,20.3) | 21.01 (14.7,29.1) | 26.39 (19.2,35.1) | ||
| 2010 | 20.89* (14.5,29.1) | 21.31 (16.0,27.8) | 14.75 (9.7,21.9) | 21.78 (15.8,29.2) | 91.35 (86.9,94.4) | 10.64 (7.2,15.4) | 71.48 (63.3,78.5) | 7.37 (4.7,11.5) | 17.82* (12.2,25.2) | 26.76 (19.5,35.6) | ||
| 2011 | 28.84 (20.4,39) | 17.48* (11.7,25.3) | 16.33 (10.4,24.7) | 22.81 (15.5,32.3) | 86.16 (76.6,92.2) | 11.55 (7.2,18.1) | 65.12 (54.6,74.3) | 9.38 (5.0,16.9) | 18.75 (11.9,28.3) | 32.10 (23.2,42.5) | ||
| 2012 | 16.79* (10.8,25.2) | 13.26* (8.9,19.4) | 9.09 (5.6,14.4) | 21.24 (14.5,30.1) | 88.14 (82.0,92.4) | 8.57 (5.1,14.1) | 69.28 (62.5,75.3) | 15.10 (11.1,20.2) | 12.96* (8.2,19.8) | 22.23* (16.1,29.8) | ||
| 2013 | 17.87* (11.6,26.6) | 14.95* (9.2,23.3) | 10.56 (6.7,16.2) | 17.18 (11.4,25.1) | 87.25 (80.8,91.7) | 13.92 (8.5,22) | 66.55 (57.6,74.4) | 10.52 (6.2,17.4) | 10.57* (6.0,18.0) | 17.71* (11.9,25.5) | ||
| 2014 | 11.97* (7.5,18.5) | 6.07* (3.4,10.7) | 5.91* (2.8,12.2) | 16.14 (10.9,23.3) | 83.91 (73.6,90.7) | 7.51 (3.9,13.9) | 61.58 (50.8,71.3) | 7.49 (3.7,14.5) | 6.02* (2.8,12.3) | 13.17* (8.7,19.5) | ||
| 2015 | 14.42* (9.5,21.4) | 15.98* (9.6,25.3) | 9.16 (4.6,17.5) | 14.40 (8,24.6) | 84.35* (76.2,90.1) | 9.66 (5.3,17.0) | 62.01 (52.4,70.7) | 7.12 (3.9,12.7) | 10.02* (5.6,17.3) | 21.47* (15.0,29.7) | ||
| 2016 | 27.19 (18.3,38.4) | 18.44 (11.1,29.0) | 9.67 (4.8,18.5) | 18.09 (11.6,27.0) | 79.5* (70.7,86.2) | 10.41 (5.3,19.5) | 66.07 (55.8,75) | 6.99 (3.4,13.9) | 14.4* (8.9,22.4) | 24.53 (16.3,35.2) | ||
| Difference 2002-2003 vs. 2015-2016 | −16.47* | −18.13* | −10.66* | −13.15* | −12.78* | −4.32 | −9.56 | −4.86 | −21.96* | −14.57 | ||
| % change | 57.71 | 63.79 | 64.72 | 54.96 | 14.11 | 34.56 | 13.74 | 45.81 | 88.67 | 47.34 | ||
| b) Ages 18-25 | ||||||||||||
| 2002 | 16.24 (13.0,20.1) | 13.83 (11.4,16.6) | 5.88 (4.4,7.8) | 11.98 (9.7,14.7) | 84.88 (82,87.4) | 17.16 (14.0,20.9) | 59.15 (54.6,63.6) | 16.74 (13.4,20.8) | 16.95 (14.1,20.2) | 25.27 (21.4,29.5) | ||
| 2003 | 16.33 (13.0,20.3) | 12.91 (10.4,15.9) | 5.35 (3.6,7.9) | 11.94 (9.1,15.6) | 85.69 (82.1,88.7) | 17.79 (14.7,21.4) | 59.99 (55.0,64.8) | 16.44 (13.2,20.4) | 17.41 (14.3,21.0) | 25.93 (22.4,29.9) | ||
| 2004 | 13.91 (10.9,17.5) | 14.69 (11.5,18.6) | 8.2 (5.9,11.4) | 14.09 (11.5,17.2) | 84.50 (80.7,87.7) | 15.18 (12.1,19) | 54.41 (49.6,59.1) | 13.16 (10.1,16.9) | 19.24 (15.6,23.5) | 23.36 (19.0,28.3) | ||
| 2005 | 15.21 (12.2,18.8) | 12.91 (10.1,16.4) | 6.89 (4.5,10.4) | 12.59 (9.7,16.2) | 82.30 (78.8,85.4) | 14.91 (12.6,17.6) | 61.37 (57.5,65.1) | 13.41 (10.8,16.6) | 20.10 (17.0,23.6) | 23.54 (20.1,27.3) | ||
| 2006 | 10.6 (8.3,13.5)* | 9.53 (7.5,12.1)* | 6.65 (4.7,9.4) | 10.64 (8.3,13.6) | 84.48 (80.6,87.7) | 12.39* (9.7,15.7) | 57.96 (53.1,62.7) | 10.84* (8.3,14.0) | 19.48 (16.0,23.5) | 19.37* (16.6,22.5) | ||
| 2007 | 13.89 (10.9,17.5) | 12.74 (9.9,16.3) | 8.8 (6.6,11.7) | 9.91 (7.8,12.6) | 84.37 (81.2,87.1) | 13.85 (11.3,16.8) | 60.13 (55.8,64.3) | 13.55 (10.9,16.7) | 16.46 (13.0,20.6) | 22.38 (18.3,27) | ||
| 2008 | 12.88 (10.3,16.0) | 11.63 (9.1,14.7) | 7.57 (5.8,9.9) | 12.89 (10.3,16.1) | 85.67 (81.4,89.1) | 14.92 (12,18.4) | 62.31 (58,66.5) | 13.34 (10.9,16.2) | 16.46 (13.6,19.7) | 22.29 (19.1,25.8) | ||
| 2009 | 10.28 (7.9,13.2)* | 9.49 (7.2,12.4)* | 4.7 (3.3,6.6) | 8.29* (6.3,10.8) | 84.13 (81.0,86.8) | 14.23 (11.7,17.2) | 56.96 (52.3,61.5) | 11.64* (9.4,14.3) | 12.31* (10.2,14.8) | 19.97 (16.5,24) | ||
| 2010 | 10.01 (7.6,13.0)* | 7.92 (6.4,9.8)* | 3.96 (2.7,5.7) | 10.06 (7.8,13) | 84.57 (81.4,87.3) | 16.32 (13.2,20.0) | 58.44 (54.7,62.1) | 12.22 (9.3,15.9) | 9.57* (7.4,12.3) | 17.69* (14.7,21.1) | ||
| 2011 | 9.08 (7.1,11.6)* | 10.88 (8.0,14.6) | 5.65 (4.2,7.5) | 9.62 (7.4,12.4) | 86.48 (83.1,89.3) | 16.66 (13.5,20.4) | 59.76 (54.9,64.4) | 14.67 (12.0,17.9) | 15.31 (12.3,18.9) | 18.05* (14.8,21.8) | ||
| 2012 | 10.46 (7.8,13.9)* | 8.27 (6.1,11.1)* | 3.75 (2.5,5.5) | 10.45 (7.8,14) | 87.76 (85.2,89.9) | 12.07* (9.2,15.8) | 55.57 (51.3,59.8) | 8.74* (6.6,11.5) | 11.64* (8.9,15) | 16.39* (13.4,19.9) | ||
| 2013 | 7.03 (5.3,9.2)* | 5.89 (4.2,8.2)* | 4.86 (3.4,6.9) | 9.23 (7.3,11.6) | 82.94 (79.8,85.6) | 12.89 (10.3,16) | 55.80 (51.6,59.9) | 10.72* (8.7,13.1) | 9.34* (7.3,11.9) | 13.39* (11.1,16.1) | ||
| 2014 | 9.41 (7.6,11.5)* | 6.59 (4.6,9.4)* | 2.98* (1.9,4.7) | 7.6* (5.9,9.8) | 80.68 (76.5,84.2) | 14.65 (11.8,18) | 59.52 (54.5,64.3) | 13.91 (10.6,18.1) | 8.29* (6.5,10.5) | 14.51* (12.0,17.4) | ||
| 2015 | 8.61* (6.4,11.6) | 4.95* (3.8,6.5) | 3.53* (2.3,5.5) | 6.44* (4.7,8.8) | 79.71* (75.9,83) | 13.36 (10.7,16.6) | 58.16 (53.6,62.5) | 13.15 (10.5,16.3) | 11.98* (9.3,15.4) | 15.67* (12.9,18.9) | ||
| 2016 | 7.47 (5.3,10.4) | 6.69* (4.7,9.5) | 4.05 (2.5,6.4) | 7.19* (5.1,10.1) | 78.2* (74.2,81.7) | 13.77 (10.7,17.6) | 57.16 (53.5,60.8) | 10.49* (7.8,14) | 11.12* (8.3,14.8) | 13.26* (10.6,16.5) | ||
| Difference 2002-2003 vs. 2015-2016 | −12.06* | −11.99* | −3.00* | −7.92* | −8.91* | −5.81* | −2.41 | −6.57* | −8.12* | −15.94* | ||
| % change | 74.06 | 89.68 | 53.43 | 66.18 | 10.45 | 33.25 | 4.04 | 39.57 | 47.24 | 62.25 | ||
| c) Ages 26 and older | ||||||||||||
| 2002 | 7.23 (3.6,13.9) | 5.82 (2.8,11.6) | 2.76 (1.4,5.4) | 5.52 (3,9.9) | 62.57 (54.3,70.2) | 8.61 (4.9,14.7) | 24.59 (18.3,32.2) | 13.40 (6.4,25.9) | 7.76 (4.6,12.8) | 8.33 (4.6,14.7) | ||
| 2003 | 2.81 (1.1,6.7) | 9.93 (6.1,15.7) | 3.19 (1.1,8.8) | 5.68 (2.6,12.2) | 70.23 (60.4,78.5) | 9.78 (5.7,16.3) | 33.48 (25.5,42.6) | 15.62 (10.6,22.5) | 9.82 (5.9,16) | 9.92 (5.6,16.9) | ||
| 2004 | 4.2 (1.8,9.6) | 10.55 (5.8,18.3) | 0.83 (0.3,2.7) | 7.92 (3.7,16.2) | 55.74 (46.3,64.7) | 10.08 (5.8,16.9) | 28.37 (20.0,38.6) | 13.66 (8.1,22.2) | 14.21 (9.5,20.8) | 9.88 (6.2,15.3) | ||
| 2005 | 3.34 (1.4,7.8) | 4.05 (1.4,11.1) | 3.66 (1.4,9.5) | 2.49 (1.1,5.4) | 52.60 (40.6,64.4) | 13.89 (8.4,22) | 30.38 (22.4,39.8) | 13.66 (7.9,22.5) | 7.05 (3.9,12.5) | 12.07 (6.8,20.6) | ||
| 2006 | 5.3 (3.1,9.0) | 8.66 (4.7,15.4) | 3.15 (1.1,8.6) | 5.53 (2.6,11.3) | 63.09 (54.3,71.1) | 17.06 (11.5,24.6) | 36.79* (29.3,45) | 17.69 (11.7,25.9) | 12.85 (8.6,18.9) | 14.36 (10.0,20.3) | ||
| 2007 | 3.8 (2.1,7.0) | 7.45 (3.5,15.4) | 1.91 (0.6,5.6) | 3.88 (1.9,7.6) | 57.34 (49.2,65.1) | 9.59 (5.7,15.8) | 24.07 (18.0,31.3) | 6.79 (4.0,11.3) | 7.10 (4.5,11.1) | 7.64 (4.5,12.7) | ||
| 2008 | 4.91 (2.3,10.0) | 12.67 (8.4,18.7)* | 2.47 (0.9,6.4) | 1.62 (0.7,3.9) | 55.50 (46.6,64.1) | 11.05 (6.9,17.2) | 24.43 (18.9,30.9) | 11.80 (7.0,19.2) | 12.58 (7.9,19.5) | 14.92 (10.1,21.6) | ||
| 2009 | 4.06 (2.1,7.8) | 11.22 (7.8,16.0) | 0.82 (0.3,2.5) | 7.66 (4.1,13.8) | 65.81 (57.5,73.3) | 12.91 (7.6,21.0) | 34.30 (27.3,42.1) | 11.94 (7.1,19.5) | 10.29 (6.5,15.9) | 8.85 (5.4,14.1) | ||
| 2010 | 3.02 (1.4,6.4) | 8.25 (4.3,15.1) | 1.46 (0.7,3.2) | 6.64 (3.5,12.3) | 60.38 (52.5,67.8) | 8.98 (5.4,14.6) | 33.11 (25.3,42.0) | 12.20 (7.7,18.8) | 8.41 (4.7,14.5) | 9.96 (6.5,14.9) | ||
| 2011 | 5.71 (3.9,10.6) | 5.07 (2.5,10.2) | 1.69 (0.6,4.6) | 3.45 (1.6,7.1) | 59.56 (52.1,66.6) | 10.05 (6.4,15.5) | 34.60 (27.3,42.8) | 11.73 (8.3,16.4) | 7.59 (4.5,12.7) | 10.72 (6.7,16.7) | ||
| 2012 | 2.88 (1.5,5.4) | 4.56 (2.7,7.6) | 0.69* (0.2,2.1) | 4.47 (2.5,7.9) | 60.51 (54.3,66.4) | 8.44 (4.9,14.2) | 33.40 (26.3,41.4) | 9.86 (6.5,14.7) | 8.88 (5.6,13.9) | 7.47 (4.9,11.2) | ||
| 2013 | 3.2 (1.8,5.7) | 5.33 (3.1,9.0) | 0.45* (0.1,1.5) | 3.21 (1.8,5.7) | 53.69 (44.8,62.4) | 6.67 (4.3,10.2) | 31.15 (24.0,39.3) | 8.13 (5.3,12.3) | 7.01 (4.6,10.6) | 9.35 (4.5,18.4) | ||
| 2014 | 2.39 (1.4,4.1) | 4.97 (3.1,7.8) | 1.76 (0.9,3.4) | 3.58 (2.2,5.7) | 57.66 (51.8,63.3) | 7.35 (5.7,9.4) | 30.75 (26.2,35.7) | 8.59 (6.2,11.8) | 7.03 (5.1,9.6) | 7.54 (5.6,10.0) | ||
| 2015 | 4.07 (2.7,6.0) | 3.70 (2.4,5.7) | 0.66* (0.3,1.5) | 2.32 (1.2,4.5) | 53.47 (47.4,59.4) | 8.86 (6.4,12.1) | 30.93 (27.1,35.0) | 10.77 (7.8,14.7) | 7.59 (5.5,10.3) | 7.35 (5.5,9.7) | ||
| 2016 | 2.2* (1.5,3.3) | 3.44 (2.2,5.3) | 1.53 (0.9,2.7) | 2.21 (1.5,3.2) | 53.35 (48.2,58.4) | 8.31 (6.3,10.9) | 27.02 (23.3,31.1) | 5.69 (4.0,7.9) | 7.15 (5.1,10.0) | 6.51 (5.1,8.3) | ||
| Difference 2002-2003 vs. 2015-2016 | −3.47 | −5.37* | −2.93 | −4.94* | −17.54* | −0.48 | 3.11 | −7.6* | −1.51 | −2.69 | ||
| % change | 69.02 | 68.13 | 98.49 | 88.13 | 26.42 | 5.27 | 10.71 | 52.34 | 17.12 | 29.42 | ||
*
Significant change (p<0.05). Specific year prevalences are compared to the 2002 prevalence.