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HER2 signal transduction. Activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase occurs by homodimerization or heterodimerization with other HER family members; i.e., epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER3 and insulin growth factor receptor 1 (IGFIR). Activated HER2 initiates downstream signaling through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR and RAS-MAPK pathways, promoting cell proliferation and survival.
