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. 2020 Jul 10;12:521–526. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S256943

Table 1.

Comparison of Demographic Data and Clinical Variables in Case and Control Groups

Variables Case Group Number (%) Control Group Number (%) p value
Mean age (years) 29.3 ± 6.5 27.7 ± 7.4 0.072
Age groups (years)
 <18 13 (14.1) 15 (16.3)
 18–35 56 (60.8) 58 (63.1) 0.128
 >35 23 (25.1) 19 (20.6)
BMI (kg/m2) 25.8 ± 3.6 24.7 ± 3.4 0.093
BMI groups (kg/m2)
 <18 9 (9.8) 11 (11.9)
 18–25 67 (72.8) 66 (71.7) 0.123
 >25 16 (17.4) 15 (16.4)
Education
 Less than a diploma 19 (20.6) 15 (16.3) 0.141
 Diploma 33 (35.8) 35 (38.1)
 Academic 40 (43.5) 42 (45.6)
Habitancy site
 City 66 (71.7) 68 (73.9) 0.108
 Village 26 (28.3) 24 (26.1)
Parity
 Null Parity 29 (31.5) 34 (36.9) 0.059
 Multi Parity 63 (68.5) 58 (63.1)
Type of pregnancy
 Singleton 11 (11.9) 14 (15.2) 0.088
 Multiple pregnancy 81 (88.1) 78 (84.8)
Mean gestational age (week) 31.4 ± 4.1 29.5 ± 4.9 0.069
Gestational age groups (week)
 20–26 17 (18.5) 19 (20.6) 0.104
 26–32 49 (53.2) 52 (56.5)
 >32 26 (28.3) 21 (22.9)
UTI
 Positive 37 (40.2) 29 (31.5) 0.043
 Negative 55 (59.8) 63 (68.5)
History of diabetic
 Yes 13 (14.1) 11 (11.9) 0.121
 No 79 (85.9) 81 (88.1)
History of hypertension
 Yes 26 (28.2) 25 (27.2) 0.107
 No 66 (71.8) 67 (72.8)
History of kidney disease
 Yes 3 (3.2) 5 (5.4) 0.103
 No 89 (96.8) 87 (94.6)
History of smoking
 Yes 10 (10.8) 8 (8.7) 0.083
 No 82 (89.2) 84 (91.3)
Mean proteinuria (gram/24h) 357.5 ± 75.5 94.7 ± 20.9 0.001
Proteinuria category (gram/24h)
 < 300 3 (3.2) 85 (92.4) 0.001
 300–500 72 (78.2) 7 (7.6)
 >500/ 18 (19.6) 0 (0.0)
Pregnancy outcomes
 Normal baby 73 (79.3) 84 (91.3) 0.053
 Baby with a serious disorder 16 (17.4) 7 (7.6)
 Dead baby 3 (3.3) 1 (1.1)

Note: Bold face indicates values that are significant (p<0.05).