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. 2020 May 9;65(5):637–647. doi: 10.1007/s00038-020-01379-2

Table 1.

Socioeconomic factors associated with use of dental care (Poland 2010 and 2013)

2010 2013
Use of dental care Use of dental care
Persons % Persons %
Income-classes
Lowest 182 6.8 176 7.0
II 236 8.9 206 8.3
III 275 10.3 248 9.9
IV 294 11.0 286 11.5
Highest 461 17.3 410 16.4
p < 0.0001 p < 0.0001
Education
Low 260 8.7 210 8.3
Medium 681 10.2 616 9.7
High 311 18.7 333 18.0
p < 0.0001 p < 0.0001
Place of residence
500 Thousand and more 224 16.6 208 15.9
200–500 Thousand 150 13.3 146 14.1
100–200 Thousand 97 11.5 78 9.3
20–100 Thousand 239 11.3 181 9.7
20 Thousand and fewer 136 9.1 156 11.5
Village 609 9.4 562 9.2
p < 0.0001 p < 0.0001
Source of income
Wages and salaries 502 12.4 486 12.3
Farm income 63 9.6 59 9.6
Self-employment 66 13.6 50 11.2
Annuities and pensions 251 7.7 259 8.3
Social benefits 51 9.2 58 11.7
Other sources 526 12.3 419 10.7
p < 0.0001 p < 0.0001