Table 2.
A proposed classification of balloon pulmonary angioplasty complications in the 6th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension
| During the procedure | After the procedure |
| Vascular injury with/without hemoptysis | Lung injury (radiographic opacity with/without hemoptysis, with/without hypoxemia) |
| Wire perforation | Renal dysfunction |
| Balloon over-dilatation | Access site problems |
| High-pressure contrast injection | |
| Vascular dissection | |
| Allergic reaction to contrast | |
| Adverse reaction to conscious sedation/local anesthesia |
Signs of vascular injury: Extravasation of contrast, hypoxemia, cough, tachycardia, increased pulmonary arterial pressure; Causes of lung injury: Vascular injury much greater than reperfusion lung injury.