Table 3.
Changes of fecal calprotectin in neonates and associated clinical factors using univariable linear mixed analyses for repeated fecal calprotectin outcomes among 64 neonates with two or more consecutive fecal calprotectins.
| Variables | Estimate ± SE, mg/kg | P-values | 95% Confidence interval | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | |||
| GA, per week increase | −23.624 ± 17.361 | 0.176 | −57.913 | 10.665 |
| BW, per kg increase | −137.669 ± 94.232 | 0.146 | −328.777 | 48.439 |
| Male*, female (reference) | −350.786 ± 130.211 | 0.008 | −607.952 | −93.619 |
| 5′-AS | −74.505 ± 43.771 | 0.091 | −160.953 | 11.942 |
| CS delivery, VD (reference) | −42.635 ± 157.049 | 0.786 | −352.805 | 267.536 |
| Multigestation, single (reference) | 143.410 ± 139.563 | 0.306 | −132.227 | 419.046 |
| Meconium-stained AF, no (reference) | 315.144 ± 209.351 | 0.134 | −98.324 | 728.611 |
| Maternal hypertensive disorder, no (reference) | −182.278 ± 140.070 | 0.195 | −458.916 | 94.361 |
| PPROM, no (reference) | 306.066 ± 180.297 | 0.092 | −50.019 | 662.151 |
| GDM, no (reference) | −183.757 ± 184.587 | 0.321 | −548.315 | 180.802 |
| RDS, no (reference) | 161.469 ± 132.739 | 0.226 | −100.715 | 423.653 |
| Jaundice, no (reference) | 185.719 ± 144.642 | 0.201 | −99.948 | 471.387 |
| Antibiotics*, no (reference) | −429.308 ± 135.823 | 0.002 | −697.559 | −161.057 |
| Intestinal distress, no (reference) | 161.875 ± 148.166 | 0.276 | −130.751 | 454.501 |
| BM*, FM (reference) | −382.927 ± 149.532 | 0.011 | −678.252 | −87.603 |
| Days till full feeding (120 ml/kg/day), per day increase | 1.625 ± 3.687 | 0.660 | −5.661 | 8.910 |
| Hospital stays, per day increase | 1.207 ± 2.075 | 0.562 | −2.891 | 5.305 |
| Mortality, no (reference) | −259.97 ± 372.944 | 0.487 | −996.537 | 476.590 |
| Postnatal week*, first (reference) | ||||
| Second | −427.870 ± 146.240 | 0.012 | −781.731 | −74.008 |
| Third and fourth | −416.265 ± 164.270 | 0.037 | −813.755 | −18.774 |
SE, standard error; GA, gestational age; BW, birth weight; 5′-AS, Apgar score at 5 min; CS, cesarean section; PPROM, prolonged rupture of membrane; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; BM, breast milk; FM, formula milk.
*
Variables were statistically significant factors associated with changes of fecal calprotectin during neonatal period on univariable analyses.