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. 2020 Jul 14;10:11597. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68396-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Influence of aging detected by single-cell RNA sequencing. (A) Proliferation-associated genes were significantly increased in the myeloid primed cells. The bar-plots show the number of proliferation-associated genes as defined by ontology in lymphoid (purple) versus myeloid-primed (pink) CD34+ cells across the 4 donors. The RNA markers for myeloid versus lymphoid differentiation potential are listed in Table S1. The average enrichment was calculated using Fisher Exact test and indicated an overall increase in proliferation-genes in the myeloid-primed subset of CD34+ cells. (B) Up-regulation of expression of proliferation-associated genes in older subjects. The first two boxplots in each row correspond to the gene expressions in lymphoid-primed CD34+ cells. and the second two box-plots show the corresponding gene expressions in myeloid-primed cells. The differences between young and old both in glycolytic and in proliferation-associated proteins among the lymphoid-primed cells were not significant. Among the myeloid-primed cells. parallel to the increase in glycolytic proteins. there was a significant increase in abundance of proliferation-associated genes in older human subjects. Software: Python 2.7. (Accession number of single cell RNA-sequencing data: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE115353).