Table 2.
Biomarker levels in AKI patients
| Recovery | Plasma creatinine (mg/dL) | Proteinuria (mg/mg Cru) | Urinary NAG (IU/mg Cru) | Urinary NGAL (mg/mg Cru) | Urinary t-Gelsolin (AU/mg Cru) | Urinary KIM-1 (AU/mg Cru) | Urinary TCP1-eta (AU/mg Cru) | Urinary REG3A (AU/mg Cru) | Urinary FABP1 (AU/mg Cru) | Urinary GM2AP (AU/mg Cru) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (a) Comparison between groups | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Yes (n = 43) | 5.64 ± 0.56 | 11.43 ± 1.63 | 18.27 ± 4.98 | 480.67 ± 131.11 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.44 ± 0.11 | 2.23 ± 0.61 | 0.09 ± 0.05 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.15 ± 0.06 | ||||||||||
| No (n = 42) | 6.39 ± 0.74 | 13.19 ± 2.04 | 21.43 ± 3.32 | 871.29 ± 156.91* | 0.06 ± 0.02* | 0.49 ± 0.11 | 2.89 ± 0.50 | 0.15 ± 0.04* | 0.35 ± 0.13* | 0.24 ± 0.06** | ||||||||||
| Parameter | B | SD | Wald | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (b) Logistic regression analysis (only GM2AP) | ||||
| GM2AP | 0.734 | 0.233 | 9.953 | 0.002 |
| Constant | − 1.747 | 0.600 | 8.482 | 0.004 |
| Total percentage of success: 64.8% | ||||
| Specificity: 69,4% | ||||
| Sensitivity: 60,0% | ||||
| (c) Logistic regression analysis (GM2AP + TCP1-eta) | ||||
| GM2AP | 0.757 | 0.244 | 9.663 | 0.002 |
| TCP1-eta | 0.559 | 0.243 | 5.307 | 0.021 |
| Constant | − 3.132 | 0.911 | 11.827 | 0.001 |
| Total percentage of success: 76.1% | ||||
| Specificity: 75.0% | ||||
| Sensitivity: 77.1% | ||||
(a) Concentrations of the different biomarkers according to subsequent recovery pattern. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; versus “Recovery—Yes” group. (b) Results of the logistic regression performed with GM2AP. c) Results of the logistic regression performed with GM2AP + TCP1-eta. AU: arbitrary units; Cru: urinary creatinine; B: logistic regression coefficient; FABP1: fatty acid binding protein 1; GM2AP: GM2-activator protein; KIM-1: kidney injury molecule 1; NAG: N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase; NGAL: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; REG3A: regenerating islet-derived 3 alpha; SD: Standard deviation; TCP1-eta: T-complex protein 1 eta; Wald: Wald statistic.