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. 2020 Jul 15;31(6):2333–2340. doi: 10.1007/s11224-020-01594-w

Table 2.

The molecular properties (HOMO and LUMO energies, HOMO–LUMO gap, ionization potential, electron affinity, chemical potential and electrophilicity in eV and the dipolar moment in Debye) calculated for dimers (1), (2) and (3) and the mixture complexes (4), (5) and (6) obtained by B3LYP functional

Molecular property Ascorbic acid (1) Cinnamic aldehyde (2) Hesperidin (3) Ascorbic acid + hesperidin (4) Cinnamic aldehyde + ascorbic acid (5) Cinnamic aldehyde + hesperidin (6)
EHOMO − 6.590 − 6.716 − 6.544 − 6.420 − 6.465 − 5.829
ELUMO − 1.636 − 2.494 − 2.102 − 2.037 − 2.943 − 3.140
HOMO–LUMO gap 4.964 4.222 4.442 4.383 3.522 2.689
Ionization potential 6.590 6.716 5.05 6.420 6.465 5.829
Electron affinity (EA) 1.636 2.494 2.09 2.037 2.943 3.140
Chemical hardness (η) 2.477 2.111 1.480 2.188 1.761 1.344
Chemical potential (μ) − 4.113 − 4.605 − 3.570 − 4.288 − 4.704 − 4.484
Electrophilicity (ω) 3.414 5.023 4.310 4.091 6.283 7.480
Dipolar moment 4.426 5.09 2.95 4.830 5.95 13.20