Table 1.
Demographic and clinical features of patients with MOGADs
| Total n=95 | Paediatrics n=51 | Adults n=44 | P value | |
| Current age, years, median (range) | 16 (3–68) | 10 (3–18) | 32 (17–68) | – |
| Age of onset, years, median (range) | 13 (2–67) | 8 (2–14) | 30 (15–67) | – |
| Follow-up time, months, median (range) | 12(4–36) | 12(4–36) | 12(4–30) | – |
| Inducement, n (%) | ||||
| Previous infection | 22 (23) | 18 (35) | 4 (9) | 0.031 |
| Vaccine | 3 (3) | 2 (4) | 1 (2) | >0.999 |
| Others | 3 (3) | 1 (2) | 2 (5) | 0.595 |
| Phenotype at onset, n (%)* | ||||
| ON | 58 (61) | 25 (49) | 33 (75) | 0.012 |
| Myelitis | 11 (12) | 4 (8) | 7 (16) | 0.336 |
| Encephalopathy | 30 (32) | 26 (51) | 4 (9) | <0.0001 |
| Brainstem syndrome | 6 (6) | 4 (8) | 2 (5) | 0.683 |
| Others | 4 (4) | 3 (6) | 1 (2) | 0.621 |
| Initial EDSS, median (range) | 3 (1–8) | 3 (1–8) | 2 (1–5) | 0.024 |
| Time to relapse, m median (range)† | 8 (1–81) | 10 (1–51) | 8 (1–81) | 0.480 |
| Relapse type, n (%)*† | ||||
| ON | 56 (54) | 19 (40) | 37 (66) | 0.011 |
| Myelitis | 17 (17) | 4 (9) | 13 (23) | 0.062 |
| Encephalopathy | 31 (30) | 23 (49) | 8 (14) | <0.001 |
| Brainstem syndrome | 9 (9) | 4 (9) | 5 (9) | >0.999 |
| Others | 1 (1) | 0 | 1 (2) | >0.999 |
| Acute phase treatment, n (%) | ||||
| Intravenous MTP | 85/95 (90) | 47/51 (92) | 38/44 (86) | 0.506 |
| intravenous IG | 13/95 (14) | 12/51 (24) | 1/44 (2) | 0.025 |
| PLEX or IAD | 2/95 (2) | 1/51 (2) | 1/44 (2) | >0.999 |
| None or others | 7/95 (7) | 3/51 (6) | 4/44 (9) | 0.701 |
| Chronic therapies, n (%) | ||||
| Steroids | 67/95 (71) | 34/51 (67) | 33/44 (75) | 0.499 |
| Immunosuppressive therapies | 18/95 (19) | 7/51 (14) | 11/44 (25) | 0.195 |
| Immunomodulatory therapies | 7/95 (7) | 5/51 (10) | 2/44 (5) | 0.448 |
Values in bold indicate that there are differences between adults and paediatric individuals (p<0.05).
*Patients may exhibit multiple phenotypes simultaneously.
†Forty-six patients relapsed for a total of 103 relapses; 23 paediatric-onset patients with 47 relapses and 23 adult-onset patients with 56 relapses.
EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; IAD, immunoadsorption; MOGADs, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disorders; MTP, methylprednisolone; ON, optic neuritis; PLEX, plasma exchange.