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. 2020 Jul 15;181:104878. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104878

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© 2020 The Author(s)

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Fig. 3 — Synergistic effect of remdesivir-diltiazem combined treatment against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. A. Vero E6 cells were infected by SARS-CoV-2 at a MOI of 0.01 and treated 1 hpi with serial dilutions of remdesivir in the presence of different fixed concentrations of diltiazem (A, left panel) or, alternatively, serial dilutions of diltiazem in the presence of different fixed concentrations of remdesivir (A, right panel). Viral production was measured 48 hpi and expressed in relative values compared to the vehicle-treated control. B. Dose-response percent inhibition matrix of single and combined remdesivir-diltiazem treatments C. Interaction landscape between remdesivir and diltiazem as calculated using the Loewe additive model. Areas with synergy scores of 10 or higher (red) represent zones of drug synergy.