Table 1.
Demographic characteristics, HCQ and corticosteroid and/or immunosuppressive treatment in SARS‐CoV‐2 positive and negative cases and statistical significance for their differences (P) in univariate analysis
| SARS‐CoV‐2 positive | SARS‐CoV‐2 negative | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 26 815 | n = 333 489 | ||
| HCQ | 77 (0.29%) | 1215 (0.36%) | .04 |
| Male sex | 11.122 (41.5%) | 129.289 (38.9%) | <.0001 |
| Age, y | 52.2 ± 22.4 | 50.8 ± 22.4 | <.0001 |
| CCT/immunos. | 82 (0.31%) | 81 (0.24%) | .05 |
Note: Immunosuppressants (treatment with corticosteroids: prednisolone, methylprednisolone, deflazacort, or dexamethasone, and/or immunosuppressants: cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, methotrexate, azathioprine, or mycophenolate mofetil for at least 6 mo. HCQ: at least 2 grams per month, on average. Age was missing in 776 cases (2 positives and 774 negatives). Sex was missing in 822 cases (1 positive and 821 negatives). The results exclude missing data.
Abbreviations: CCT, corticosteroids; HCQ, Hydroxychloroquine sulfate; immunos., immunosuppressants; SARS‐CoV‐2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.