Table 1.
Maternal and neonates’ characteristics and outcomes among pregnant patients with COVID-19 infection
| Author/number of pregnant patients/infants | C/S or NVD | Mother’s RT-PCR results | Neonates RT-PCR results | Assessment of vertical transmission | Mother’s symptoms | Neonates symptoms after birth | Complications | Abnormal radiology finding in neonates | Mothers outcome | Neonates outcome | Preterm delivery |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gidlöf et al. (9)/1/2 | C/S | Positive | Negative | (2) Nasopharyngeal swab | Malaise, hoarseness, headache, fever | (1) Breathing problem first day, (1) Gastrointestinal reflux and cyanotic attack | None | NA | Alive | (2) Alive | (2) Positive |
| Huang et al. (10)/1/1 | C/S | Positive | Negative | Nasopharyngeal swab | Dry cough | Not reported | Fetal distress | NA | Alive | Alive | Positive |
| Iqbal et al. (11)/1/1 | NVD | Positive | Negative | Nasopharyngeal, amniotic fluid | Cough, fever, chills, myalgia | None | None | NA | Alive | Alive | Negative |
| Kalafat et al. (12)/1/1 | C/S | Positive | Negative | Nasopharyngeal swab, cord blood, placenta | Dry cough, shortness of breath | None | None | NA | Alive (Intubated) | Alive | Positive |
| Lee et al. (13)/1/1 | C/S | Positive | Negative | Nasopharyngeal swab, amniotic fluid, cord blood, placenta | Fever, sore throat, cough | None | None | NA | Alive | Alive | Negative |
| Liao et al. (14)/1/1 | C/S | Positive | Negative | Nasopharyngeal swab, amniotic fluid, cord blood, placenta | Fatigue, mild dry cough, fever | Not reported | Fetal distress | NA | Alive | Alive | Positive |
| Liu et al. (15)/10/10 | (10) C/S | (10) Positive | (10) Negative | (10) Serologic | (7) Fever, (7) Fatigue, (3) Dyspnea | Not reported | (3) Fetal distress, (1) PROM, (1) Still birth | NA | (10) Alive (One ARDS, intubated, multi organ failure, septic shock, on ECMO) | (9) Alive, (1) stillbirth | (6) Positive, (4) Negative |
| Li et al. (16)/1/1 | C/S | Positive | Negative | Nasopharyngeal, placenta, cord blood, amniotic fluid, neonate urine and feces, breast milk | Dry cough | None | Fetal distress | NA | Alive | Alive | Positive |
| Khan et al. (17)/3/3 | (3) NVD | (3) Positive | (3) Negative | (3) Nasopharyngeal swab | (2) Fever, (3) Cough, (1) chest tightness | (3) Note reported | None | NA | (3) Not reported | (3) Alive | (1) Positive, (2) Negative |
| Liu et al. (18)/3/3 | (2) C/S (1) NVD |
(3) Positive | (3) Negative | (3) Nasopharyngeal swab, (1) Placenta, (1) Cord blood, (2) Neonatal urine and feces, (2) Breast milk, (2) Vaginal mucus, (2) Neonate blood | (2) Fever, (2) Cough | (1) Meconium staining, (1) Slightly decreased responsiveness and muscle tone | (1) Fetal distress, (1) Chorioamnionitis | NA | (3) Alive | (3) Alive | (3) Negative |
| Khan et al. (19)/17/17 | (17) C/S | (12) Positive, (5) CT scans in favor of COVID | (15) Negative (2) Positive |
(17) Throat swab | (3) Fever, (6) Cough, (3) Diarrhea, (2) Nasal congestion, (2) Shortness of breath, (1) Sputum | (5) Pneumonia | None | NA | (17) Alive | (17) Alive | (3) Positive, (14) Negative |
| Chen et al. (20)/9/9 | (9) C/S | (9) Positive | (6) Negative (3) Not tested |
(9) Nasopharyngeal swab, (9) Amniotic fluid, (9) Cord blood, (9) Breast milk sample | (5) Cough, (9) Fever, (2) Malaise, (4) Myalgia, (2) Sore throat | (9) None | (2) Fetal distress (2) PROM |
NA | (9) Alive | (9) Alive | (4) Positive, (5) Negative |
| Chen et al. (21)/4/4 | (3) C/S (1) NVD |
(4) Positive | (4) Negative | (4) Nasopharyngeal swab | (3) Fever, (2) cough, (2) fatigue, (1) headache, (2) dyspnea | (2) Edema, (2) Rash, (1) Dyspnea | None | NA | (4) Alive | (4) Alive | (4) Negative |
| Chen et al. (22)/17/17 | (17) C/S | (17) Positive | (17) Negative | (17) Nasopharyngeal swab | (4) Fever, (4) Cough, (1) Fatigue, (2) Chest distress, (1) Dyspnea, (1) Diarrhea | None | None | NA | (17) Alive | (17) Alive | (3) Positive, (14) Negative |
| Dong et al. (23)/1/1 | C/S | Positive | Negative | Nasopharyngeal, breast milk | Fever, nasal congestion, dyspnea | None | None | Normal chest CT scan | Alive | Alive | Negative |
| Xiong et al. (24)/1/1 | NVD | Positive | Negative | Nasopharyngeal swab, amniotic fluid, breast milk, rectal swab | Cough, fever, chills | None | None | NA | Alive | Alive | Negative |
| Wang et al. (25)/1/1 | C/S | Positive | Negative | Nasopharyngeal swab, placenta, amniotic fluid, neonatal blood | Fever | None | None | NA | Alive | Alive | Positive |
| Wang et al. (26)/1/1 | C/S | Positive | Positive | Nasopharyngeal swab | Fever | None | None | Thickened lung texture in X-ray, few small pieces of patchy shadows in the upper lobe of right lung in chest CT scan | Alive | Alive | Negative |
| Zeng et al. (27)/6/6 | C/S | Positive | Negative | (6) Nasopharyngeal swab | Mild clinical symptoms | None | None | NA | Alive | Alive | Negative |
| Zhu et al. (28)/9/10 | (7) C/S, (2) NVD | (8) Positive, (1) Negative | (9) Negative, (1) Not tested | (9) Nasopharyngeal swab | (4) Cough, (8) Fever, (1) Sore throat, (1) Diarrhea | (6) Breathing problem, (3) Cyanosis, (2) DIC, (1) Edema, (1) Rash, (2) Feeding intolerance, (1) Bloating, (2) Fever, (1) Vomiting, (2) GI bleeding, (1) Organ failure, (1) Refractory shock | (6) Fetal distress/(3) PROM | (2) NRDS, (2) blurred marking in lungs, (2) patchy GGO in lower lungs, (1) pneumothorax, (3) normal | Alive | (9) Alive, (1) died | (5) Positive, (4) negative |
| Zamaniyan et al. (29)/1/1 | C/S | Positive | Positive | Nasopharyngeal swab (+), cord blood (−), amniotic fluid (+) | Cough, fever, dyspnea, myalgia | Fever | None | NA | Died (ARDS. intubated) | alive | Positive |