Table 4.
Demographic characteristics, neurologic examinations, and electrophysiologic studies of patients with or without DPNPa.
| Variables | No DPNP | DPNP |
|---|---|---|
| Patient no. | 129 | 16 |
| Gender (F/M) | 48/81 | 6/10 |
| Age (y) | 57.5 ± 8.1 | 54.6 ± 11.1 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.9 ± 3.8 | 25.3 ± 5.1 |
| Duration of T2DM (y) | 7.0 ± 5.3 | 7.8 ± 6.3 |
| HTN, n (%) | 5 (3.9) | 2 (12.5) |
| HbA1C (%) | 7.4 ± 1.5 | 7.6 ± 0.9 |
| T-CHOL (mg/dl) | 168 ± 34 | 172 ± 32 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 46 ± 12 | 46 ± 12 |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 92 ± 26 | 94 ± 36 |
| TG (mg/dl) | 140 ± 84 | 163 ± 78 |
| Vit. B12 (pg/ml) | 860 ± 731 | 914 ± 461 |
| Hom (μmol/l) | 10 ± 3 | 11 ± 3 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 102 ± 25 | 104 ± 31 |
|
| ||
| NCS score of neuropathy | 1 ± 2 | 2 ± 2∗ |
| No. of abnormal NCS | 51 (39.5) | 11 (68.8)∗ |
|
| ||
| mMNSI, total score | 2 ± 2 | 4 ± 2∗ |
| Symptoms of polyneuropathy | 43 (33.3) | 16 (100.0)∗∗∗ |
| Reduction of ankle reflex | 101 (78.3) | 15 (93.8) |
| Bilateral median neuropathy at wrists | 66 (51.2) | 8 (50.0) |
| Abnormal thermal test | 52 (40.3) | 10 (62.5) |
| Abnormal vibration | 24 (18.6) | 6 (37.5) |
Abbreviations: mMNSI: modified Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument; DSPN: distal symmetrical polyneuropathy; DPNP: diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain; NCS: nerve conduction studies; DN4: Douleur Neuropathique; F: females; M: males; y: years; BMI: body mass index; T2DM: type II diabetes mellitus; HTN: hypertension; HbA1C: glycated haemoglobin; Vit. B12: vitamin B12; HTN: hypertension; Hom: homocysteine; T-CHOL: total cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate. aDPNP indicates patients with DN4≧4. Data were presented as n of F/M for gender, n (%) for categorical variables, and mean ± standard deviations (SD) for continuous values by patients with and without DPNP. Data were compared using the chi-squared test for categorical variables and the two-sample t-test for continuous ones. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗p < 0.0001 indicate significant difference in comparing patients with and without DPNP.