Table 5.
Demographic characteristics, neurologic examinations, and electrophysiologic studies for the symptomatic and asymptomatica patients.
| Variables | Asymptomatic | Symptomatic |
|---|---|---|
| Patient no. | 86 | 59 |
| Gender (F/M) | 33/53 | 21/38 |
| Age (y) | 58.1 ± 7.5 | 55.9 ± 9.6 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.0 ± 3.9 | 25.6 ± 3.9 |
| Duration of T2DM (y) | 5.8 ± 4.8 | 9.1 ± 5.6∗∗∗ |
| HTN, n (%) | 4 (4.7) | 3 (5.1) |
| HbA1C (%) | 7.0 ± 1.0 | 8.1 ± 1.7∗∗∗ |
| T-CHOL (mg/dl) | 163 ± 34 | 176 ± 32∗ |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 45 ± 11 | 48 ± 14 |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 90 ± 28 | 96 ± 25 |
| TG (mg/dl) | 143 ± 79 | 141 ± 90 |
| Vit. B12 (pg/ml) | 776 ± 677 | 994 ± 728 |
| Hom (μmol/l) | 10 ± 3 | 10 ± 3 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 101 ± 24 | 105 ± 29 |
| DPNP, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 16 (27.1)∗∗∗ |
|
| ||
| mMNSI, total score | 2 ± 1 | 4 ± 2∗∗∗ |
| Symptoms of polyneuropathy | 0 (0) | 59 (100) |
| Reduction of ankle reflex | 59 (68.6) | 57 (96.6)∗∗∗ |
| Bilateral median neuropathy at wrists | 36 (41.9) | 38 (64.4)∗∗ |
| Abnormal thermal test | 30 (34.9) | 32 (54.2)∗ |
| Abnormal vibration | 8 (9.3) | 22 (37.3)∗∗∗ |
Abbreviations: mMNSI: modified Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument; DSPN: distal symmetrical polyneuropathy; DPNP: diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain; NCS: nerve conduction studies; DN4: Douleur Neuropathique; F: females; M: males; y: years; BMI: body mass index; T2DM: type II diabetes mellitus; HTN: hypertension; HbA1C: glycated haemoglobin; Vit. B12: vitamin B12; HTN: hypertension; Hom: homocysteine; T-CHOL: total cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate. aSymptomatic DSPN was defined as complaint of symmetrical, bilateral, distal sensory and/or motor defects. Data were presented as n of F/M for gender, n (%) for categorical variables, and mean ± standard deviations (SD) for continuous values by the symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Data were compared using the chi-squared test for categorical variables and the two-sample t-test for continuous ones. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗p < 0.0001 indicate significant difference when comparing the symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.