Table 4.

Association between residual pain and various factors.

	β	p value
Initial ODI	−0.081	0.733
Initial BPI	−0.008	0.973
Age	−0.061	0.697
BMI	0.055	0.694
BDI	0.867	0.000a
Gender	0.255	0.383

β, standardized coefficient; ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; BPI, Brief Pain Inventory; BMI, body mass index; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory. ^ap < 0.05.