Table 1.

Summary of reviewed literature

	Author(s) & date	Literature review categories	Research question(s)	Methods & outcome variable(s)	Main findings
1.	Bauchet and Evans (2019)	Income, wealth, and debt Economic hardship	Do previously-established determinants of filing for bankruptcy predict bankruptcy during the Great Recession?	Methods: linear probability models Data set: survey of consumer finances Longitudinal: 2007–2009 N = 3856 households Outcome variable(s): filing for personal bankruptcy	Changes in households’ circumstances (loss of income, retirement, new child in the household) were associated with filing for bankruptcy Higher credit card debt amounts were positively associated with filing for bankruptcy Higher educational debt amounts were negatively associated with filing for bankruptcy Higher asset amounts were negatively associated with filing for bankruptcy
2.	Lee and Kim (2018)	Income, wealth, and debt Coping strategies	What are the effects of credit constraints on the likelihood of using payday loans during the Great Recession?	Methods: logistic regression Data set: survey of consumer finance Longitudinal: 2007, 2010, 2013 N = 16,915 Outcome variable(s): payday loan use	Households with constrained credit were more likely to use payday loans than those that were not Having credit constraints and using payday loans was a significant predictor before the Great Recession but the effect was greater in the aftermath of the recession After the recession, more households used payday loans to pay other bills/loans
3.	Kim and Wilmarth (2016)	Income, wealth, and debt Coping strategies	How does receiving public welfare relate to a household’s debt management?	Methods: repeated imputation inference; logistic analysis Data set: survey of consumer finances Longitudinal: 2010–2013 N = 3350 Outcome variable(s): debt-to-income ratio	54% of households receiving public welfare met debt-to-income guidelines while 46% without public welfare met the guideline The amount of public welfare received was positively related to the likelihood of meeting the debt-to-income guideline Each tenfold increase in public welfare amount increased the odds of meeting the debt-to-income threshold by 5%
4.	Kuehn (2016)	Income, wealth, and debt	What is the relationship between wages, house values, and time spent in home production during the Great Recession?	Methods: Tobit regression Data set: American time use survey Longitudinal: 2003–2011 N = 105,996 Outcome variable(s): time spent in home activities (caregiving of children and others)	Women spent more time on activities related to home production, non-child care, and child care, and earned lower wages when compared to men Housing price index had a positive association with the time spent on home production activities Time spent caring for children was negatively associated with wages
5.	Rhine et al. (2016)	Income, wealth, and debt	How are family’s financial circumstances, behaviors, and attitudes related to their savings account ownership during the Great Recession?	Methods: Logit regression Data set: survey of consumer finances Longitudinal: 2007–2009 N = 3875 Outcome variable(s): savings account ownership	Black and Latinx families were less likely to possess a savings account, 5% of lower-income Black families had other liquid assets while 23% of lower-income white families held other liquid assets Families had to experience a large wealth or income loss (over 50%) before they were less likely to own or open a savings account
6.	Rauscher and Elliott (2016)	Income, wealth, and debt	How did income and wealth changes among higher and lower income households?	Methods: multivariate growth model Data set: panel study of income dynamics Longitudinal: 1989–2011 N = 3189 households Outcome variable(s): rate of change income; rate of change net worth	Initial income was associated with more rapid wealth change among high- but not low-income households Initial wealth was associated with slower changes in wealth in high-income households than in low-income households Initial wealth buffered higher income households more from income changes than in low-income households
7.	Friedline et al. (2014)	Income, wealth, and debt	Are distinct net worth accumulation trajectories for households associated with young adults’ financial health?	Methods: latent class growth modeling and regression Data set: panel study of income dynamics & transition to adulthood supplement Longitudinal: 1999–2009 N = 435 Outcome variable(s): savings account ownership; savings amount	69% had high and stable net worth accumulation over 10 year period, 31% had declining net worth Young adults’ savings account ownership was not associated with their net worth accumulation trajectory Young adults had more savings in their accounts if they had a savings account when they were younger and were from households had high and stable net worth Race was significantly related to savings account ownership and amount saved
8.	Heflin (2016)	Economic hardship	How is instability such as employment and income shocks associated with measures of economic hardship?	Methods: regression Data set: survey of income and program participation (SIPP) Longitudinal: 2008 N = 18,379 Outcome variable(s): economic hardship	Incomes shocks or changes and having a person with a disability join the household were associated with hardship measures The sources of instability, e.g., income shocks, tended to have greater harm when they were introduced and hardships were not necessarily alleviated when they were removed
9.	Lucero et al. (2016)	Economic hardship	What is the influence of changing subjective reports of the economic hardship over time on the risk of intimate partner violence (IPV)?	Methods: logistic regression Data set: fragile families and child well-being study Longitudinal: N = 941 Outcome variable(s): intimate partner violence (IPV)	Women who never experienced economic hardship had lower odds of experiencing IPV than those who did Women who experienced high levels of economic hardship over time had the highest odds of experiencing IPV The effects of changing economic hardship on IPV were attenuated after controlling for maternal depression and parenting stress
10.	Deidda (2015)	Economic hardship	Do housing costs predict household economic hardship, and are there differences between renters and homeowners?	Methods: Probit regression Data set: European union statistics on income and living conditions dataset Cross-sectional: N = 14,104 Outcome variable(s): economic hardship	Relatively high housing costs were associated with increases in the probability of experiencing economic hardship Homeownership was associated with economic hardship
11.	Afifi et al. (2018)	Financial stress	What are couples’ communication patterns about financial uncertainty and its association with stress, mental health, and divorce proneness?	Methods: mixed-methods Data set: primary data collection, in-depth interviews Cross-sectional: N/A N = 82 (Latinx and white couples) Outcome variable(s): Self-reported psychological well-being; divorce proneness; anxiety; stress	Four communication patterns were identified, including unifying, thriving, pragmatic, and at-risk These four communication patterns predicted self-reported and physiological stress, mental health indices, and divorce proneness Couples who exhibited unified and thriving communication patterns also had higher levels of psychological well-being and less self-reported stress/anxiety and divorce proneness compared to couples who exhibited pragmatic and at-risk communication patterns
12.	Park and Kim (2018)	Financial stress	What is the association between financial strain and couple interaction in middle-aged, young-old, and old-old people?	Methods: multiple regression Data set: health and retirement study Longitudinal: 2010 N = 4935 (middle-aged males = 1057, young-old males = 761, old-old males = 610, middle-aged females = 1314, young-old females = 760, old-old females = 433) Outcome variable(s): partner support; partner undermining	Subjective financial strain was positively associated with partner undermining and negatively with partner support For middle-aged men, any positive effects of financial control disappeared and the effects changed in a negative way when the level of financial strain was high
13.	Romo (2014)	Financial stress	What types of financial uncertainty do individuals in married or cohabitating relationships experience, especially in the context of the Great Recession?	Methods: qualitative in-depth interviews Data set: primary data collection Cross-sectional: 2011 N = 40 married or cohabitating couples in Midwestern town Outcome variable(s): financial uncertainty	Financial uncertainty was experienced by all participants, being a universal experience during unfavorable macroeconomic conditions Participants experienced economic, management, personal, communication, and chronic uncertainty regarding their financial circumstances Participants reported that the macroeconomic downturn was a significant source of uncertainty, influencing their employment and housing Management uncertainty included not knowing how to pay off debts, save for retirement, or make medical decisions
14.	Serido et al. (2014)	Financial stress	What are the relationships between financial stress, parenting support, and young adults’ alcohol behaviors?	Methods: hierarchical regression Data set: national longitudinal study of adolescent health Longitudinal: 5 years with 3 waves: 1994–1995; 2001–2002; 2008–2009 N = 7159 young adults ages 18–26 and 24–32 Outcome variable(s): alcohol use; heavy drinking; problematic drinking	Living at home and having quality relationships with parents were associated with young adults’ fewer alcohol behaviors Experiencing financial stress and parents’ financial support were associated with young adults’ increased alcohol behaviors Asian, Black, Latinx, “other” compared to white and female had fewer alcohol behaviors in young adulthood compared to their counterparts
15.	Valentino et al. (2014)	Financial stress	How does perceived financial stress change over time? Do social support and depression predict changes in perceived financial stress over time? Do these relationships occur differently for Black and white mothers?	Methods: latent class growth modeling Data set: fast track project Longitudinal: 6 years N = Black = 323; White = 345 Outcome variable(s): financial stress trajectories	Black mothers displayed higher rates of financial stress over time, while white mothers generally reported relatively stable levels of financial stress Higher income was related to lower financial stress over time for Black and white mothers White mothers with higher levels of depressive symptoms were less likely to be in classes distinguished by low amounts of financial stress Depressive symptoms did not predict Black mothers’ financial stress
16.	Lai (2011)	Financial stress	How much do the aging Chinese immigrants worry about the economic downturn?	Methods: multiple regression Data set: telephone survey of Chinese residents of Calgary, Canada age 65 and older Cross-sectional: 2009 N = 151 Outcome variable(s): level of worry with economic downturn; preparation for economic downturn	In preparation for the downturn, 31% tried to save more money, 5% prepared an emergency fund, 6% stopped investing, 64% spent less, 4% took out stocks Men were less worried about the economic downturn compared to women Greater financial adequacy was associated with less worry about the downturn Those with higher levels of education and worry about family’s quality of life were associated with greater worry about the downturn
17.	Stein et al. (2013)	Financial stress Coping strategies	What types of economic pressures, and financial and religious coping strategies, do young adults impacted by the economic crisis report?	Methods: independent t-tests; hierarchical regression models Data set: survey to college psychology students that attended a public Midwestern university Cross-Sectional: 2009 N = 222 college students (63% women, 85% white, 80% Christian, M age = 20.5 years) Outcome variable(s): anxiety; depression; life satisfaction	Economic adjustments were significantly associated with increased anxiety and depressed mood and lower life satisfaction Gender was significantly associated with increased anxiety and depressed mood Religious meaning making was not associated with any of the measured outcomes
18.	Thorne (2010)	Financial stress	How is the division of financial chores gendered, as experienced by couples filing for bankruptcy? What are the emotional effects of financial chores on wives?	Methods: qualitative in-depth interviews Data set: primary data collection, in-depth interviews Cross-sectional: N/A N = 19 heterosexual married couples in Washington State Outcome variable(s): gendered financial chores; emotional effects	Wives’ responsibility for paying bills evolved into highly time-consuming and intense work as they approached filing for bankruptcy Managing finances and filing for bankruptcy was emotionally difficult for women, causing feelings of fear, failure, and depression (including thoughts of suicide and death) Wives wanted to protect husbands from the stress of finances, and husbands also didn’t want to be bothered with details about household finances
19.	Tobe et al. (2016)	Coping strategies	What were the experiences and needs of households during and after receiving housing counseling services?	Methods: qualitative interviews Data set: primary data collection Cross-sectional: N/A N = 6 (4 participants, 2 key informants) Outcome variable(s): N/A	Participants identified four key supportive factors through their housing counseling services, including the importance of faith, family, positivity, and income
20.	Lebert and Voorpostel (2016)	Coping strategies	To what extent do people change jobs voluntarily as a strategy to cope with job insecurity?	Methods: logistic regression Data set: Swiss household panel Longitudinal: 2004–2013 N = 15, 058 (7450 women and 7518 men) Outcome variable(s): voluntarily change of job	Men facing job insecurity were more likely to experience voluntary turnover This relationship was only true for women if they didn’t have preschool-aged children at home and experienced low levels of economic hardship Economic hardship increased the odds of voluntary turnover for men, whereas a partner’s job insecurity lowered the odds for women
21.	Gjertson (2016)	Coping strategies	Whether household who reported saving for emergency were less likely to experience subsequent economic hardship	Methods: random effects, fixed effects, propensity score matching, instrumental variable Data set: making connection Longitudinal: 2002–2011 N = 1760 Outcome variable(s): economic hardship	48% sample reported saving for an emergency Emergency savings was associated with economic hardship
22.	Vesely et al. (2015)	Coping strategies	How do the ecocultural contexts of immigrant mothers’ lives shape their development of economic security in the U.S.?	Methods: qualitative in-depth interviews, ethnographic methods Data set: primary data collection Cross-sectional: 2010–2011 N = 40 low-income immigrant mothers from Latin America (n = 21) and Africa (n = 19) Outcome variable(s): economic security	Mothers’ economic security was shaped by the intersection of accessibility of government programs, family situations, and unique family needs Families’ abilities to survive financially depended on pooling money from an extended family or household system Mothers described hardships and stress associated with costs of living in the U.S., and expressed an obligation to send money back to their families Mothers used at least one form of public welfare for economic security, and all used a government subsidized early childhood education program Mothers described the Great Recession as a source of economic stress
23.	Menclova (2013)	Coping strategies	Does Medicaid buffer the effects of unemployment on prenatal care utilization during economic recessions?	Methods: OLS regressions with clustering at the state level Data set: U.S. Natality Details Files, Department of Health & Human Services Longitudinal: 1989–1999 N = Black = 3426; White = 5125 Outcome variable(s): prenatal care during 1st trimester; adequate/intermediate prenatal care; birth weight	Among Black mothers, a 1% increase in county-level unemployment was associated with a 1% increase in prenatal care in the first trimester, which was amplified by Medicaid eligibility Among white mothers, a 1% increase in county-level unemployment was associated with a reduction in prenatal care, but Medicaid eligibility offset this effect Among highly-educated Black and White mothers, unemployment was associated with decreases in prenatal care