Fig. 5.

Forest plot of CBT vs usual care in the reduction of depressive symptoms after follow-up. Detailed legend: Lerma et al.’s [28] study reported the significant difference (MD = -7.6, 95%CI − 12.75 to − 2.45) between two groups during the 4 weeks follow-up after treatment. Similarly, in Duarte et al.’s [29] study, the difference between CBT compared with usual care was also be found during the 6 months follow-up after treatment (MD = -6.8, 95%CI − 11.07 to − 2.53). In contrast, in Cukor et al.’s [30] study, there was a non-significant effect in reducing the depression symptoms between the CBT and usual care during the 3 months follow-up