Table 4.

Range of motion and radiographic assessment of retrospective and prospective studies

Items	Number of studies	Mean difference [95% CI]	P	Heterogeneity
				I2 (%)	P
Range of motion
Flexion	7 [6, 7, 9, 16, 18, 20, 21]	−0.45 [−5.14, 4.24]	0.85	87	< 0.00001
Extension	7 [6, 7, 9, 16, 18, 20, 21]	−0.29 [−1.82, 1.23]	0.71	0	0.42
Pronation	7 [6, 7, 9, 16, 18, 20, 21]	1.03 [−1.08, 3.15]	0.34	71	0.02
Supination	7 [6, 7, 9, 16, 18, 20, 21]	1.42 [−1.37, 4.20]	0.32	78	0.0001
Radial deviation	6 [6, 7, 16, 18, 20, 21]	−0.21 [−1.37, 0.95]	0.72	26	0.24
Ulnar deviation	6 [6, 7, 16, 18, 20, 21]	2.22 [0.19, 4.26]	0.03	62	0.02
Radiographic assessment
Radial height	4 [4, 9, 18, 22]	2.44 [1.22, 3.67]	< 0.00001	79	0.003
Radial inclination	11 [4, 6, 7, 9, 16-22]	3.81 [2.92, 4.70]	< 0.00001	63	0.002
Ulnar variance	10 [4, 6, 7, 9, 16-19, 21, 22]	−0.89 [−1.92, 0.13]	0.09	94	< 0.00001
Volar tilt	11 [4, 6, 7, 9, 16-22]	6.39 [0.18, 12.59]	0.04	97	< 0.00001