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. 2020 Jul 8;11:436. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00436

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Copyright © 2020 Brkić, Dunk, Shan, O'Brien, Lye, Qayyum, Yang, Matthews, Lye and Peng.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Active Smad3 is downregulated in preeclamptic placentas. Placentas from PE patients and gestational age-matched controls were assessed for total and phosphorylated (p) Smad2 (A) and Smad3 (B) by Western Blotting. Total Smad2 and Smad3 levels, after normalizing to their respective GAPDH signal, showed no significant difference between the PE and control placentas. The ratio of pSmad2/total Smad2 was also not significantly different between the PE and the corresponding control. However, pSmad3/total Smad3 was significantly decreased (***p < 0.001) in PE placentas relative to their gestational age-matched controls (n = 3). The number on the top of each lane indicates gestational age of the sample. PTB, preterm birth; EOPT, early onset preeclampsia; Term, healthy term placentas; LOPE, late onset preeclampsia.